Eisen Damon P, Minchinton Robyn M
Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Dec 1;37(11):1496-505. doi: 10.1086/379324. Epub 2003 Nov 6.
When the adaptive immune response is either immature or compromised, the innate immune system constitutes the principle defense against infection. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a C-type serum lectin that plays a central role in the innate immune response. MBL binds microbial surface carbohydrates and mediates opsonophagocytosis directly and by activation of the lectin complement pathway. A wide variety of clinical isolates of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites are bound by MBL. Three polymorphisms in the structural gene MBL2) and 2 promoter gene polymorphisms are commonly found that result in production of low serum levels of MBL. Clinical studies have shown that MBL insufficiency is associated with bacterial infection in patients with neutropenia and meningococcal sepsis. Low MBL levels appear to predispose persons to HIV infection. Numerous other potential infectious disease associations have been described. Therapy to supplement low MBL levels is being explored using either plasma-derived or recombinant material.
当适应性免疫反应不成熟或受损时，先天免疫系统构成抵御感染的主要防线。甘露糖结合凝集素（MBL）是一种C型血清凝集素，在先天免疫反应中起核心作用。MBL结合微生物表面碳水化合物，并直接或通过激活凝集素补体途径介导调理吞噬作用。多种细菌、真菌、病毒和寄生虫的临床分离株都能被MBL结合。结构基因MBL2存在三种多态性以及两种启动子基因多态性，这些多态性通常会导致血清中MBL水平较低。临床研究表明，MBL缺乏与中性粒细胞减少症患者的细菌感染以及脑膜炎球菌败血症有关。低MBL水平似乎使人易患HIV感染。还描述了许多其他潜在的传染病关联。目前正在探索使用血浆来源的或重组材料来补充低MBL水平的治疗方法。
