Carey Kristen
St. Clair Hospital, Pittsburgh, USA.
JEMS. 2003 Nov;28(11):50-63; quiz 64-5.
Syncope is a transient loss of postural tone and consciousness following which, by definition, the patient has a spontaneous recovery without intervention. The differential diagnosis of syncope is broad and spans benign to life-threatening conditions. Identifying and treating serious conditions that may mimic syncope and identifying patients at high risk (cardiac syncope) are challenges that face prehospital providers. A comprehensive history and physical provide the most useful information in making these distinctions. Syncope is a symptom, not a disease; therefore, treatment must be targeted to the underlying disease process.
晕厥是姿势张力和意识的短暂丧失，根据定义，患者无需干预即可自发恢复。晕厥的鉴别诊断范围广泛，涵盖从良性到危及生命的情况。识别和治疗可能模拟晕厥的严重情况以及识别高危患者（心源性晕厥）是院前急救人员面临的挑战。全面的病史和体格检查为进行这些区分提供了最有用的信息。晕厥是一种症状，而非一种疾病；因此，治疗必须针对潜在的疾病过程。
