Joseph Leena, Anuradha R, Nathuram R, Shaha V V, Abani M C
Radiation Safety Systems Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2003 Nov-Dec;59(5-6):359-62. doi: 10.1016/s0969-8043(03)00192-1.
National intercomparisons of activity measurements of 131I, a radioisotope widely used for diagnosis and therapy of thyroid related ailments, were initiated in 1979 as a quality assurance program, towards improving radiation safety procedures and related dosimetry in Nuclear Medicine Centres (NMCs) in India. Oral administration of a known quantity of radioiodine to patients requires accurate radioactivity measurements to be performed on a well-calibrated isotope calibrators. Under or over estimation of the activity due to a faulty or uncalibrated isotope calibrator could provide misleading results. Calibration of isotope calibrators and the traceablity of subsequent measurements to the national standards laboratory is one of the essential basic radiation safety requirement of the IAEA. In view of the stringent quality assurance requirements for activity measurements imposed by Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, a National Intercomparison Program was initiated and to date ten such intercomparison programs have been conducted by the Radiation Safety Systems Division, of the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre. This program has benefited the participants by making their measurements traceable to the National Primary Standards. Over the years there has been a marked increase in the number of NMCs participating in the intercomparison programs. As a result, the number of institution showing large deviation from the correct value has decreased considerably over the years. This program thus, has enabled participating NMCs to check their isotope calibrators so as to ensure proper delivery of radiation dose to the patients and hence to optimise patient exposure.
1979年启动了对131I活度测量的全国比对，131I是一种广泛用于甲状腺相关疾病诊断和治疗的放射性同位素，该比对作为一项质量保证计划，旨在改进印度核医学中心（NMCs）的辐射安全程序及相关剂量测定。给患者口服已知量的放射性碘需要在经过良好校准的同位素校准仪上进行精确的放射性测量。由于同位素校准仪故障或未校准而导致活度估计不足或过高，可能会给出误导性结果。同位素校准仪的校准以及后续测量与国家标准实验室的可追溯性是国际原子能机构基本的辐射安全要求之一。鉴于原子能管理委员会对活度测量提出的严格质量保证要求，启动了一项全国比对计划，迄今为止，巴巴原子研究中心辐射安全系统部已开展了十次这样的比对计划。该计划使参与者的测量结果能够追溯到国家一级标准，从而使他们受益。多年来，参与比对计划的核医学中心数量显著增加。因此，多年来偏离正确值较大的机构数量大幅减少。因此，该计划使参与的核医学中心能够检查其同位素校准仪，以确保向患者正确输送辐射剂量，从而优化患者的照射剂量。
