Picó Yolanda, Blasco Cristina, Font Guillermina
Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
Mass Spectrom Rev. 2004 Jan-Feb;23(1):45-85. doi: 10.1002/mas.10071.
An overview is given on pesticide-residue determination in environmental and food samples by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Pesticides comprise a large number of substances that belong to many completely different chemical groups, the only common characteristic is that they are effective against pests. They still constitute a challenge in MS because there is no collective pathway for fragmentation. A brief introduction to the theory of tandem MS permits a discussion of which parameters influence the ionization efficiency when the ions are subjected to different actions. Emphasis is placed on the different tandem MS instruments: triple and ion-trap quadrupoles, and hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF), including advantages and drawbacks, typical detection limits, and ion signals at low concentrations. The instrumental setup, as well as LC and mass spectrometric experimental conditions, must be carefully selected to increase the performance of the analytical system. The capacity of each instrument to provide useful data for the identification of pesticides, and the possibility to obtain structural information for the identification of target and non-target compounds, are discussed. Finally, sample preparation techniques and examples of applications are debated to reveal the potential of the current state-of-the-art technology, and to further promote the usefulness of tandem MS.
本文概述了采用液相色谱/质谱/质谱联用（LC/MS/MS）技术测定环境和食品样品中农药残留的方法。农药包含大量属于许多完全不同化学类别的物质，唯一的共同特征是它们对害虫有效。在质谱分析中，农药仍然是一个挑战，因为不存在统一的碎裂途径。对串联质谱理论的简要介绍有助于讨论当离子受到不同作用时，哪些参数会影响电离效率。重点介绍了不同的串联质谱仪器：三重四极杆和离子阱四极杆，以及混合四极杆飞行时间质谱仪（Q-TOF），包括其优缺点、典型检测限以及低浓度下的离子信号。必须仔细选择仪器设置以及液相色谱和质谱实验条件，以提高分析系统的性能。讨论了每种仪器为农药鉴定提供有用数据的能力，以及获取目标和非目标化合物鉴定结构信息的可能性。最后，对样品制备技术和应用实例进行了探讨，以揭示当前先进技术的潜力，并进一步提高串联质谱的实用性。
