Svalheim Sigrid, Taubøll Erik, Bjørnenak Tone, Røste Line Sveberg, Mørland Tore, Saetre Erik R, Gjerstad Leif
Department of Neurology, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Seizure. 2003 Dec;12(8):529-33. doi: 10.1016/s1059-1311(03)00195-x.
Menstrual disorders, reduced fertility and sexual problems seem to be more frequent in women with epilepsy than in the general population. Most investigations concerning menstrual disturbances in epilepsy patients, however, are small and based on selected materials. We therefore wanted to investigate the frequency of menstrual disturbances in a large, unselected population of epilepsy patients.
A retrospective, questionnaire study of a cohort of female outpatients, aged 18-45 was conducted. Each patient chose a close female friend who served as control, to optimise matching regarding age and lifestyle.
Answers were received from 265 patients and 142 controls. Menstrual disturbances were more frequent in patients with epilepsy (48.0%) than in controls (30.7%) (P=0.004). Menstrual disturbances were more frequent in patients on polytherapy versus monotherapy (P=0.049) and more frequent in patients with high seizure frequency (>5seizures/year) compared to patients with a lower seizure frequency or those seizure free (P=0.006). The frequency of menstrual disturbances was higher in patients on valproate compared to carbamazepine monotherapy (P=0.045).
This investigation confirms that women with epilepsy have an increased frequency of menstrual disturbances compared to women without epilepsy. In women with high seizure frequency and in those on polytherapy, the frequency of menstrual disturbances are further increased. The highest frequency of menstrual disturbances occurred in women using valproate.
癫痫女性出现月经紊乱、生育能力下降和性问题的情况似乎比普通人群更为常见。然而，大多数关于癫痫患者月经紊乱的调查规模较小且基于特定样本。因此，我们希望在一大群未经挑选的癫痫患者中调查月经紊乱的发生率。
对一组年龄在18 - 45岁的女性门诊患者进行了一项回顾性问卷调查研究。每位患者选择一位亲密的女性朋友作为对照，以优化年龄和生活方式方面的匹配。
共收到265例患者和142例对照的回复。癫痫患者的月经紊乱发生率（48.0%）高于对照组（30.7%）（P = 0.004）。联合治疗的患者比单一治疗的患者月经紊乱更常见（P = 0.049），癫痫发作频率高（>5次/年）的患者比发作频率低或无发作的患者月经紊乱更常见（P = 0.006）。与卡马西平单一治疗相比，丙戊酸盐治疗的患者月经紊乱发生率更高（P = 0.045）。
这项调查证实，与无癫痫的女性相比，癫痫女性的月经紊乱发生率更高。癫痫发作频率高的女性和接受联合治疗的女性，月经紊乱的发生率进一步增加。使用丙戊酸盐的女性月经紊乱发生率最高。
