Bosak Magdalena, Słowik Agnieszka, Turaj Wojciech
Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland,
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018 Oct 10;14:2657-2664. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S179438. eCollection 2018.
The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of menstrual cycle disorders among women with epilepsy.
The study included consecutive women with epilepsy who visited a university epilepsy clinic. A number of variables, including demographics, characteristics of epilepsy and its treatment, and data related to reproductive health (regularity of menstrual cycle, number of pregnancies and childbirths), were collected from medical records, seizure diaries, and a dedicated questionnaire.
The study involved 271 women with epilepsy. Focal epilepsy was diagnosed in 182 (67.2%) patients; 108 (39.8%) women had rare seizures (<1 per year), and 164 patients (60.5%) were on monotherapy. Menstrual abnormalities were found in 78 patients (28.8%). Independent variables associated with irregular cycle included younger age at onset of epilepsy (OR=0.95 per 1-year increase; =0.008), current use of clonazepam (OR=5.36; =0.010), and chronic use of medication(s) other than antiepileptic drug(s) (AEDs; OR=2.48; =0.003). Childbirth rate was low in our cohort (0.50 per patient); independent predictors of being childless in studied patients included younger age, presence of menstrual disorders, and greater number of currently used AEDs.
Menstrual disturbances were present in 28.8% of studied women with epilepsy. Increased prevalence of menstrual abnormalities was associated with epilepsy itself (younger age at onset of epilepsy) and its treatment (ongoing use of clonazepam), as well as with chronic use of medications other than AEDs.
本研究的目的是评估癫痫女性月经周期紊乱的患病率及其决定因素。
该研究纳入了连续就诊于大学癫痫门诊的癫痫女性患者。从病历、癫痫发作日记和一份专门问卷中收集了多个变量，包括人口统计学资料、癫痫及其治疗的特征，以及与生殖健康相关的数据（月经周期规律、妊娠和分娩次数）。
该研究涉及271例癫痫女性患者。182例（67.2%）患者被诊断为局灶性癫痫；108例（39.8%）女性癫痫发作罕见（每年<1次），164例患者（60.5%）接受单药治疗。78例患者（28.8%）存在月经异常。与月经周期不规律相关的独立变量包括癫痫发病年龄较小（每增加1岁，OR=0.95；P=0.008）、当前使用氯硝西泮（OR=5.36；P=0.010），以及长期使用抗癫痫药物（AEDs）以外的药物（OR=2.48；P=0.003）。我们队列中的分娩率较低（每位患者0.50次）；研究患者中未生育的独立预测因素包括年龄较小、存在月经紊乱以及当前使用的AEDs数量较多。
在研究的癫痫女性患者中，28.8%存在月经紊乱。月经异常患病率增加与癫痫本身（癫痫发病年龄较小）及其治疗（持续使用氯硝西泮）以及长期使用AEDs以外的药物有关。
