Silk A S, Fox L K, Hancock D D
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, P.O. Box 7060, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7060, USA.
J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health. 2003 Nov;50(9):447-50. doi: 10.1046/j.0931-1793.2003.00707.x.
The effectiveness of monthly removal of hair surrounding teats on the reduction of teat skin surface bacteria, and the incidence of intramammary infection (IMI), was studied for 10 months in a dairy farm. A split udder design was used where hair was removed on one side, left or right, with the other side serving as a control. Controls and treatment sides were randomly applied in a systematic fashion to 218 cows. Standard milking time pre- and post-milking hygiene practices were applied to all udders during the trial. Collection of teat skin swab solutions preceded aseptic collection of milk samples, performed at monthly intervals, immediately prior to milking. Teat skin bacterial counts did not differ between control and treated teats. Incidences of IMI were similar for treatment when compared with control mammary quarters, as measured by total or by pathogen type. In a second study, the effect of hair removal on the bacterial content of milk was determined using 40 cows. Treatments and allocations were as described. Udder half milk, milk from both mammary quarters of each udder half, was combined and diverted into separate buckets. Buckets were thoroughly cleaned and sanitized between milkings. A portion of bucket milk was collected 24 h after removal of udder hair. The total milk bacterial counts, and counts of psychrotrophs and thermoduric organisms were not reduced by udder hair removal. Results do not suggest that removal of udder hair leads to an improvement in milk quality as determined by milk bacterial content in the herd studied.
在一个奶牛场进行了为期10个月的研究，以探讨每月去除乳头周围毛发对减少乳头皮肤表面细菌及乳房内感染（IMI）发生率的效果。采用了分侧乳房设计，在一侧（左侧或右侧）去除毛发，另一侧作为对照。对照侧和处理侧以系统的方式随机应用于218头奶牛。在试验期间，对所有乳房都采用了标准的挤奶前和挤奶后卫生措施。在每月挤奶前立即无菌采集牛奶样本之前，先采集乳头皮肤拭子溶液。对照乳头和处理过的乳头的皮肤细菌计数没有差异。通过总体或病原体类型测量，与对照乳房象限相比，处理组的IMI发生率相似。在第二项研究中，使用40头奶牛确定了去除毛发对牛奶细菌含量的影响。处理和分配方式如前所述。将每个乳房半侧两个乳房象限的牛奶合并，即乳房半侧牛奶，转移到单独的桶中。挤奶之间对桶进行彻底清洁和消毒。在去除乳房毛发24小时后收集一部分桶中的牛奶。去除乳房毛发并没有降低牛奶的总细菌计数、嗜冷菌和耐热菌的计数。在所研究的牛群中，结果并不表明去除乳房毛发会导致牛奶质量（由牛奶细菌含量决定）得到改善。
