Kampov-Polevoy Alexey B, Garbutt James C, Khalitov Elena
Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2003 Nov;27(11):1743-9. doi: 10.1097/01.ALC.0000093739.05809.DD.
The relationship between a hedonic response to sweet tastes and a propensity to excessive alcohol drinking is supported by both animal and human studies. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the genetic risk for alcoholism as measured by a paternal history of alcoholism in young social drinkers is associated with sweet-liking, defined as rating the strongest offered sucrose solution (i.e., 0.83 M) as the most palatable during the standard sweet test.
Participants were 163 subjects (39% male) without a lifetime history of alcohol or drug abuse or dependence. Eighty-one subjects had a paternal history of alcoholism (FH+), and 82 did not (FH-). Each subject rated a series of sucrose solutions for intensity of sweetness and palatability. Subjects were categorized as sweet-likers if they rated the highest sucrose concentration as the most pleasurable.
The estimated odds of being a sweet-liker were 2.5 times higher for FH+ than for FH- subjects. FH+ subjects disliked the tastes of the two weakest offered sucrose concentrations (0.05 and 0.10 M), whereas FH- subjects reported these tastes to be neutral.
The results of this study support the hypothesis that sweet-liking is associated with a genetic vulnerability to alcoholism.
对甜味的享乐反应与过度饮酒倾向之间的关系得到了动物和人类研究的支持。本研究旨在检验以下假设：在年轻的社交饮酒者中，以父亲的酗酒史衡量的酒精成瘾遗传风险与对甜味的喜好有关，对甜味的喜好定义为在标准甜味测试中将提供的最强蔗糖溶液（即0.83M）评为最美味。
参与者为163名受试者（39%为男性），无终生酒精或药物滥用或依赖史。81名受试者有父亲酗酒史（FH+），82名没有（FH-）。每位受试者对一系列蔗糖溶液的甜度和适口性进行评分。如果受试者将最高蔗糖浓度评为最愉悦，则被归类为喜欢甜味者。
FH+受试者成为喜欢甜味者的估计几率比FH-受试者高2.5倍。FH+受试者不喜欢提供的两种最弱蔗糖浓度（0.05和0.10M）的味道，而FH-受试者报告这些味道是中性的。
本研究结果支持以下假设：对甜味的喜好与酒精成瘾的遗传易感性有关。
