Smith P D, Quinn T C, Strober W, Janoff E N, Masur H
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jan 1;116(1):63-77. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-116-1-63.
As the largest lymphoid organ in the body, the gastrointestinal tract is a potential reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and it is an important site for HIV-induced immunodeficiency. The resulting defects in cellular and humoral defense mechanisms predispose the gastrointestinal tract to a spectrum of viral, fungal, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens that cause relentless morbidity and, in some cases, death. With a thorough diagnostic evaluation, physicians can identify one or more of these pathogens in a majority of patients with AIDS who have gastrointestinal symptoms. The identification of enteric pathogens in patients with AIDS is important because an increasing array of therapeutic regimens is becoming available to treat many of these infections.
作为人体最大的淋巴器官，胃肠道是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV，即获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的病原体）的潜在储存库，并且是HIV诱导免疫缺陷的重要部位。细胞和体液防御机制由此产生的缺陷使胃肠道易受一系列病毒、真菌、细菌和原生动物病原体的侵袭，这些病原体可导致持续的发病，在某些情况下还会导致死亡。通过全面的诊断评估，医生能够在大多数有胃肠道症状的艾滋病患者中识别出一种或多种此类病原体。识别艾滋病患者的肠道病原体很重要，因为越来越多的治疗方案可用于治疗其中许多感染。
