Ylinen Jari J, Julin Mikko, Rezasoltani Asghar, Virtapohja Hilkka, Kautiainen Hannu, Karila Tuomo, Mälkiä Esko
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2003 Nov;17(4):755-9. doi: 10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0755:eotigw>2.0.co;2.
Special training methods in wrestling have been assumed to improve the stability and tolerance of the neck. The aim of this study was to measure the neck strength levels reached in an extremely physically demanding sport. A neck strength measurement system was used to measure various parameters of maximal isometric neck strength in Finnish senior wrestlers competing at the international level. The results were compared with those achieved by junior wrestlers and a control group. The means (SD) of the maximal isometric neck strength for cervical rotation were 0.4 (0.1) Nm.kg(-1) for the senior wrestlers, 0.3 (0.1) Nm.kg(-1) for the junior wrestlers, and 0.2 (0.1) Nm.kg(-1) for the nonsportsmen. The respective results for cervical flexion were 4.4 (1.4), 3.8 (0.7), and 2.3 (0.8) Nm.kg(-1); for extension, 6.0 (1.1), 5.9 (0.7), and 4.0 (0.9) Nm.kg(-1). Neck strength in flexion seems to improve more than in extension as the result of wrestling. The greatest difference was found in rotation, which in the senior wrestlers was almost 3 times that in the nonsportsmen. There was great individual variation within all groups, and the results revealed weaknesses in all directions. Maximal neck strength measurements provide information useful in planning training programs to correct possible muscle deficiency and imbalance.
摔跤运动中的特殊训练方法被认为可以提高颈部的稳定性和耐受性。本研究的目的是测量一项对体能要求极高的运动中所达到的颈部力量水平。使用颈部力量测量系统，对参加国际比赛的芬兰成年摔跤运动员的最大等长颈部力量的各项参数进行测量。将结果与青少年摔跤运动员和对照组的结果进行比较。成年摔跤运动员颈椎旋转的最大等长颈部力量平均值（标准差）为0.4（0.1）Nm·kg⁻¹，青少年摔跤运动员为0.3（0.1）Nm·kg⁻¹，非运动员为0.2（0.1）Nm·kg⁻¹。颈椎前屈的相应结果分别为4.4（1.4）、3.8（0.7）和2.3（0.8）Nm·kg⁻¹；后伸分别为6.0（1.1）、5.9（0.7）和4.0（0.9）Nm·kg⁻¹。由于摔跤，颈部前屈力量的改善似乎比后伸力量更大。在旋转方面差异最大，成年摔跤运动员的旋转力量几乎是非运动员的3倍。所有组内个体差异都很大，结果显示在各个方向上都存在弱点。最大颈部力量测量为制定训练计划以纠正可能的肌肉缺陷和不平衡提供了有用信息。
