Iwama George K, Afonso Luis O B, Todgham Anne, Ackerman Paige, Nakano Kazumi
Institute for Marine Biosciences, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 3Z1.
J Exp Biol. 2004 Jan;207(Pt 1):15-9. doi: 10.1242/jeb.00707.
In response to most stressors, fish will elicit a generalized physiological stress response, which involves the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis (HPI). As in other vertebrates, this generalized stress response comprises physiological responses that are common to a wide range of environmental, physical and biological stressors. Recently, several families of heat shock proteins (hsps) have been proposed as indicators of a generalized stress response at the cellular level. Recent findings that hsp levels, in various fish tissues, respond to a wide range of stressors have supported the use of these proteins as indicators of stressed states in fish. However, the cellular stress response can vary, for example, according to tissue, hsp family and type of stressor. This brief overview of these responses in fish asks the question of whether changes in levels and families of hsps can be used as a suitable indicator of stressed states in fish. By casting this question in the context of the well-established generalized physiological stress response in fish, we argue that the use of hsps as indicators of stressed states in fish in general is premature.
针对大多数应激源，鱼类会引发全身性生理应激反应，这涉及下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾间轴（HPI）的激活。与其他脊椎动物一样，这种全身性应激反应包括一系列广泛的环境、物理和生物应激源所共有的生理反应。最近，几个热休克蛋白（hsps）家族已被提议作为细胞水平全身性应激反应的指标。最近的研究发现，各种鱼类组织中的hsp水平对多种应激源有反应，这支持了将这些蛋白质用作鱼类应激状态指标的观点。然而，细胞应激反应可能会有所不同，例如，根据组织、hsp家族和应激源类型而异。本文对鱼类这些反应的简要概述提出了一个问题，即hsps水平和家族的变化是否可以用作鱼类应激状态的合适指标。通过将这个问题置于鱼类中已确立的全身性生理应激反应的背景下，我们认为一般而言，将hsps用作鱼类应激状态的指标还为时过早。
