Bittner Vera, Sanderson Bonnie K
Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
J Am Med Womens Assoc (1972). 2003 Fall;58(4):227-35.
Women have been underrepresented in both cardiac rehabilitation (CR) clinical care and research studies. This review summarizes the available data on women in CR, including referral and enrollment patterns, baseline characteristics, and sex-specific outcomes reported within each core component of care. Women in CR tend to be older than their male counterparts and to have a greater burden of comorbidities and coronary risk factors and lower functional status. Women and men seem to benefit equally from CR, with improvements in clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral outcomes, but sex-specific data are lacking for several of the core components of care. Future research needs to test single and multiple behavioral interventions in randomized controlled trials, paying particular attention to their sex specificity, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness within CR and secondary prevention programs.
在心脏康复（CR）临床护理和研究中，女性的代表性一直不足。本综述总结了关于CR中女性的现有数据，包括转诊和入组模式、基线特征以及护理各核心组成部分报告的性别特异性结果。参与CR的女性往往比男性年龄更大，合并症和冠状动脉危险因素负担更重，功能状态更低。女性和男性似乎从CR中获得了同等的益处，临床、心理社会和行为结果均有所改善，但护理的几个核心组成部分缺乏性别特异性数据。未来的研究需要在随机对照试验中测试单一和多种行为干预措施，尤其要关注其在CR和二级预防项目中的性别特异性、可行性和成本效益。
