Penido Maria Goretti Moreira Guimarães, Diniz José Silvério Santos, Guimarães Milena Maria Moreira, Cardoso Rodrigo Barbosa, Souto Marcelo Ferraz de Oliveira, Penido Mariana Guimarães
Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2002 Mar-Apr;78(2):153-60.
To obtain regional reference values for calcium, uric acid and citrate urinary excretion and establish a correlation between those excretions in 24-hour urine sample and single urine sample for their use in clinical practice.
A hundred and twenty-five healthy children and adolescents were randomly chosen and submitted to the following protocol: clinical examination, biochemical analysis of blood, blood cell count, parathormone, 24-hour urine, fasting urine sample and stool test.
The maximum value of calcium excretion in 24-hour urine was 3.75 mg/kg; in mg/dl of the glomerular filtration rate, it was 0.10; and for the calcium/creatinine (mg/dl) ratio in the fasting urine sample was 0.25. Positive correlation was observed between calcium excretion in the 24-hour urine and the fasting sample (mg/dl and mg/dl of glomerular filtration rate). The maximum values of uric acid excretion in 24-hour urine were 600, 450, and 320 mg and 13, 15 and 18 mg/kg for adolescents, school and preschool children, respectively; in mg/dl of glomerular filtration rate, in the fasting urine sample, it was 0.47. Positive correlation was observed for the uric acid excretion in 24-hour urine and fasting urine samples. The mean values for the citrate excretion in 24-hour urine were 1.6, 1.1 and 0.5 mmol for adolescents, school and preschool children, respectively; for citrate/creatinine ratio, in the fasting urine sample the mean value was 0.3.
The calcium and uric acid excretion in 24-hour urine showed correlation with those in the fasting urine sample, which allows their use for metabolic diagnosis, population studies and follow-up of patients with hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria without voiding control; the citrate/creatinine ratio in the fasting urine sample can be used for controlling patients with hypocitraturia.
获取钙、尿酸和枸橼酸盐尿排泄的区域参考值，并建立24小时尿样和单次尿样中这些排泄量之间的相关性，以用于临床实践。
随机选取125名健康儿童和青少年，按以下方案进行：临床检查、血液生化分析、血细胞计数、甲状旁腺激素检测、24小时尿样、空腹尿样和粪便检测。
24小时尿钙排泄最大值为3.75mg/kg；以肾小球滤过率的mg/dl计为0.10；空腹尿样中钙/肌酐（mg/dl）比值为0.25。观察到24小时尿钙排泄与空腹尿样（mg/dl和肾小球滤过率的mg/dl）之间呈正相关。青少年、学龄儿童和学龄前儿童24小时尿酸排泄最大值分别为600、450和320mg以及13、15和18mg/kg；以肾小球滤过率的mg/dl计，空腹尿样中为0.47。观察到24小时尿尿酸排泄与空腹尿样之间呈正相关。青少年、学龄儿童和学龄前儿童24小时尿枸橼酸盐排泄平均值分别为1.6、1.1和0.5mmol；空腹尿样中枸橼酸盐/肌酐比值平均值为0.3。
24小时尿钙和尿酸排泄与空腹尿样中的排泄量相关，这使得它们可用于代谢诊断、人群研究以及对高钙尿症和高尿酸尿症患者进行无排尿控制的随访；空腹尿样中的枸橼酸盐/肌酐比值可用于控制低枸橼酸盐尿症患者。
