Pandya Shubhada S
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos. 2003;10(Suppl 1):161-77. doi: 10.1590/s0104-59702003000400008.
The present paper examines the first attempts to internationalize the problem of leprosy, a subject hitherto overlooked by historians of imperialism and disease. The last decade of the nineteenth century saw many in the 'civilized countries' of the imperialist West gripped by a paranoia about an invasion of leprosy via germ-laden immigrants and returning expatriates who had acquired the infection in leprosy-endemic colonial possessions. Such alarmists clamoured for the adoption of vigorous leper segregation policies in such colonies. But the contagiousness of leprosy did not go unquestioned by other westerners. The convocation in Berlin of the first international meeting on leprosy revealed the interplay of differing and sometimes incompatible views about the containment of leprosy by segregation. The roles of officials from several countries, as well as the roles of five protagonists (Albert Ashmead, Jules Goldschmidt, Edvard Ehlers, Armauer Hansen, and Phineas Abraham) in the shaping of the Berlin Conference are here examined.
本文探讨了将麻风病问题国际化的首次尝试，这一主题迄今为止一直被帝国主义和疾病史学家所忽视。19世纪的最后十年，西方帝国主义“文明国家”的许多人因担心携带病菌的移民以及在麻风病流行的殖民地感染了这种疾病后回国的侨民会引发麻风病的入侵而陷入偏执狂状态。这些危言耸听者呼吁在这些殖民地采取有力的麻风病人隔离政策。但麻风病的传染性并非未受到其他西方人的质疑。在柏林召开的第一届国际麻风病会议揭示了在通过隔离控制麻风病问题上不同观点甚至有时相互矛盾的观点之间的相互作用。本文在此考察了几个国家官员的角色，以及五位主要人物（阿尔伯特·阿什米德、朱尔斯·戈德施密特、爱德华·埃勒斯、阿马尔·汉森和菲尼亚斯·亚伯拉罕）在塑造柏林会议过程中所起的作用。
