Reid Denise T
Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Assist Technol. 2002 Winter;14(2):118-29. doi: 10.1080/10400435.2002.10132061.
An expanding area in rehabilitation practice is the prescription of seating interventions for clients with mobility impairments. The goal of this intervention is to enhance comfort and functional performance. The purpose of this paper is to review the body of knowledge from the research literature concerning the effectiveness or impact of seating interventions for adults who have mobility impairments. In this review both the scope and the gaps in the literature are defined to identify areas for future research. Specifically, this review was undertaken to identify what outcomes have been examined and what methods have been used in carrying out the research studies. A content analysis based on the conceptual framework of the modified International Classification of Impairment, Disability, and Handicap (ICIDH) and review guidelines for evaluating the quality of research studies has been helpful in informing future research design in this area. The results of the 16 studies that comprised this review indicate that the majority of research conducted thus far has numerous methodological limitations, which in turn limits the extent to which this body of research can be drawn upon to provide evidence for effectiveness in seating interventions. There was an emphasis on constructs at the impairment level and inadequate attention to functional and psychosocial issues. Recommendations regarding future research required to support this specific type of intervention are presented. This research review is an important first step in facilitating discussion among researchers, clinicians, research funders, and seating device users regarding future priorities for research and development in this practice area.
康复实践中一个不断扩展的领域是为行动不便的患者开具座位干预处方。这种干预的目标是提高舒适度和功能表现。本文的目的是回顾研究文献中有关座位干预对行动不便成年人的有效性或影响的知识体系。在这篇综述中，界定了文献的范围和差距，以确定未来的研究领域。具体而言，进行这项综述是为了确定已研究的结果以及开展这些研究采用了哪些方法。基于修改后的《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（ICIDH）概念框架的内容分析以及评估研究质量的综述指南，有助于为该领域未来的研究设计提供参考。构成这项综述的16项研究结果表明，迄今为止进行的大多数研究存在诸多方法学上的局限性，这反过来又限制了利用这一研究体系为座位干预的有效性提供证据的程度。研究重点在于损伤层面的概念，而对功能和心理社会问题关注不足。本文提出了关于支持这类特定干预所需的未来研究的建议。这项研究综述是促进研究人员、临床医生、研究资助者和座位设备使用者就该实践领域未来的研发重点进行讨论的重要第一步。
