Bares Martin, Rektor Ivan, Kanovský Petr, Streitová Hana
First Department of Neurology, Masaryk University, St. Anne's Hospital, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2003 Dec;114(12):2447-60. doi: 10.1016/s1388-2457(03)00250-5.
This study concerned sensory processing (post-stimulus late evoked potential components) in different parts of the human brain as related to a motor task (hand movement) in a cognitive paradigm (Contingent Negative Variation). The focus of the study was on the time and space distribution of middle and late post-stimulus evoked potential (EP) components, and on the processing of sensory information in the subcortical-cortical networks.
Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) recordings of the contingent negative variation (CNV) in an audio-visual paradigm with a motor task were taken from 30 patients (27 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy; 3 patients with chronic thalamic pain). The intracerebral recordings were taken from 337 cortical sites (primary sensorimotor area (SM1); supplementary motor area (SMA); the cingulate gyrus; the orbitofrontal, premotor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices; the temporal cortex, including the amygdalohippocampal complex; the parietooccipital lobes; and the insula) and from subcortical structures (the basal ganglia and the posterior thalamus). The concurrent scalp recordings were obtained from 3 patients in the thalamic group. In 4 patients in the epilepsy group, scalp recordings were taken separately from the SEEG procedure. The middle and long latency evoked potentials following an auditory warning (S1) and a visual imperative (S2) stimuli were analyzed. The occurrences of EPs were studied in two time windows (200-300 ms; and over 300 ms) following S1 and S2.
Following S1, a high frequency of EP with latencies over 200 ms was observed in the primary sensorimotor area, the supplementary motor area, the premotor cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the cingulate gyrus, some parts of the temporal lobe, the basal ganglia, the insula, and the posterior thalamus. Following S2, a high frequency of EP in both of the time windows over 200 ms was observed in the SM1, the SMA, the premotor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the cingulate gyrus, the basal ganglia, the posterior thalamus, and in some parts of the temporal cortex. The concurrent scalp recordings in the thalamic group of patients twice revealed potentials peaking approximately at 215 ms following S1. Following S2, EP occurred with latencies of 215 and 310 ms, respectively. Following S1, separate scalp recordings in 4 patients in the epilepsy group displayed EP 3 times in the 'over 300 ms' time window. Following S2, EP were presented once in the '200-300 ms' time window and 3 times in the 'over 300 ms' time window.
The SM1, the SMA, multiple sites of the frontal lobe, some parts of the temporal lobe, the cingulate gyrus, the basal ganglia, the insula, and the posterior thalamus all participate in a cortico-subcortical network that is important for the parallel cognitive processing of sensory information in a movement related task.
本研究关注人类大脑不同部位的感觉加工（刺激后晚期诱发电位成分），这些部位与认知范式（关联性负变）中的运动任务（手部运动）相关。研究重点在于刺激后中晚期诱发电位（EP）成分的时间和空间分布，以及皮质下 - 皮质网络中感觉信息的处理。
对30例患者（27例耐药性癫痫患者；3例慢性丘脑痛患者）进行视听范式下伴有运动任务的关联性负变（CNV）的立体脑电图（SEEG）记录。脑内记录取自337个皮质部位（初级感觉运动区（SM1）；辅助运动区（SMA）；扣带回；眶额、运动前和背外侧前额叶皮质；颞叶，包括杏仁核 - 海马复合体；顶枕叶；以及脑岛）和皮质下结构（基底神经节和丘脑后部）。丘脑组3例患者同时进行头皮记录。癫痫组4例患者在SEEG检查过程中单独进行头皮记录。分析听觉警告（S1）和视觉指令（S2）刺激后的中长潜伏期诱发电位。在S1和S2后的两个时间窗（200 - 300 ms；以及300 ms以上）研究EP的出现情况。
在S1之后，在初级感觉运动区、辅助运动区、运动前皮质、眶额皮质、扣带回、颞叶某些部位、基底神经节、脑岛和丘脑后部观察到潜伏期超过200 ms的EP出现频率较高。在S2之后，在SM1、SMA、运动前和背外侧前额叶皮质、眶额皮质、扣带回、基底神经节、丘脑后部以及颞叶某些部位，在两个超过200 ms的时间窗内均观察到EP出现频率较高。丘脑组患者的同时头皮记录两次显示在S1后约215 ms出现电位峰值。在S2之后，EP分别在215 ms和310 ms出现潜伏期。在S1之后，癫痫组4例患者的单独头皮记录在“300 ms以上”时间窗内3次显示出EP。在S2之后，EP在“200 - 300 ms”时间窗内出现1次，在“300 ms以上”时间窗内出现3次。
SM1、SMA、额叶的多个部位、颞叶的某些部位、扣带回、基底神经节、脑岛和丘脑后部均参与了一个皮质 - 皮质下网络，该网络对于与运动相关任务中感觉信息的并行认知处理很重要。
