Poole Judith H
Department of Woman and Children's Services, Presbyterian Healthcare System, Presbyterian Hospital, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA.
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2003 Oct-Nov;17(4):252-67. doi: 10.1097/00005237-200310000-00004.
Women are better educated today on issues related to labor and childbirth. Pain management options for the woman in labor have changed dramatically over the last decade. Systemic analgesia and dense-motor-blockade regional analgesia/anesthesia have become less common for childbirth while the use of newer neuraxial and regional techniques, with minimal motor blockade, have become more popular. The shift from regional anesthesia with significant motor-blockade during labor, where the woman is a passive participant during the labor and birth, to a collaborative approach for pain management, where the woman becomes an active participant, has resulted in a new philosophy of analgesia for labor and birth. This article provides a review of current neuraxial analgesia/anesthesia techniques used for pain management in labor and birth and their implications for the perinatal nurse.
如今，女性在与分娩和产程相关的问题上接受了更好的教育。在过去十年中，针对分娩期女性的疼痛管理选择发生了巨大变化。全身镇痛和导致严重运动阻滞的区域镇痛/麻醉在分娩中已不那么常见，而使用运动阻滞最小化的新型神经轴索和区域技术则变得更为普遍。从分娩期间使用导致显著运动阻滞的区域麻醉（在此过程中女性在分娩时处于被动状态）转变为采用协作式疼痛管理方法（在此过程中女性成为积极参与者），这带来了一种新的分娩镇痛理念。本文综述了目前用于分娩期疼痛管理的神经轴索镇痛/麻醉技术及其对围产期护士的影响。
