Carlsson J, Carlsson J E L, Olsén K H, Hansen M M, Eriksson T, Nilsson J
Danish Institute for Fisheries Research, Department of Inland Fisheries, Vejlsøvej 39, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.
Heredity (Edinb). 2004 Feb;92(2):53-60. doi: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800376.
A wide range of animals have been reported to show kin-biased behaviours, such as reduced aggressiveness and increased food sharing among relatives. However, less is known about whether wild animals also associate with relatives under natural conditions, which is a prerequisite to facilitate kin-biased behaviours and hence kin selection. We tested, by means of microsatellite polymorphism, correlations between pair-wise relatedness and pair-wise metric distance in wild brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) under natural conditions in two streams. Our data show that young-of-the-year as well as older trout found close together also had a higher genetic relatedness in one of the two streams, whereas no relationship was found in the other stream. Very few half and full siblings were found in the second stream and under these conditions it is unlikely that kin-biased behaviours will receive positive selection. We discuss the underlying mechanisms for the observed structure and we specifically address the issue of whether the grouping of related individuals could reflect dispersal from the same spawning redds, or if it reflects active association with relatives, possibly conferring kin-selected advantages.
据报道，多种动物都表现出亲族偏向行为，比如亲属之间攻击性降低、食物分享增加。然而，对于野生动物在自然条件下是否也会与亲属交往，人们了解较少，而这是促进亲族偏向行为以及亲缘选择的一个前提条件。我们通过微卫星多态性方法，在两条溪流的自然条件下，测试了野生褐鳟（Salmo trutta L.）成对个体之间的亲缘关系与成对个体之间的测量距离之间的相关性。我们的数据表明，在其中一条溪流中，当年幼鱼以及距离较近的年长鳟鱼也具有更高的遗传相关性，而在另一条溪流中未发现这种关系。在第二条溪流中发现的半同胞和全同胞很少，在这种情况下，亲族偏向行为不太可能受到正向选择。我们讨论了观察到的这种结构的潜在机制，并且特别探讨了相关个体的聚集是反映了来自同一产卵河床的扩散，还是反映了与亲属的主动交往，这可能赋予亲缘选择优势这一问题。
