Morrison Thomas E, Mauser Amy, Klingelhutz Aloysius, Kenney Shannon C
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
J Virol. 2004 Jan;78(1):544-9. doi: 10.1128/jvi.78.1.544-549.2004.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a key mediator of host immune and inflammatory responses and inhibits herpesvirus replication by cytolytic and noncytolytic mechanisms. TNF-alpha effects are primarily mediated through the major TNF-alpha receptor, TNF-R1, which is constitutively expressed in most cell types. Here we show that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immediate-early protein BZLF1 prevents TNF-alpha activation of target genes and TNF-alpha-induced cell death. These effects are mediated by down-regulation of the promoter for TNF-R1. Additionally, we demonstrate that expression of TNF-R1 is downregulated during the EBV lytic replication cycle. Thus, EBV has developed a novel mechanism for evading TNF-alpha antiviral effects during lytic reactivation or primary infection.
肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)是宿主免疫和炎症反应的关键介质,可通过细胞溶解和非细胞溶解机制抑制疱疹病毒复制。TNF-α的作用主要通过主要的TNF-α受体TNF-R1介导,TNF-R1在大多数细胞类型中组成性表达。在这里,我们表明爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒(EBV)立即早期蛋白BZLF1可阻止TNF-α激活靶基因和TNF-α诱导的细胞死亡。这些作用是由TNF-R1启动子的下调介导的。此外,我们证明在EBV裂解复制周期中TNF-R1的表达下调。因此,EBV已经开发出一种新机制,在裂解再激活或原发性感染期间逃避TNF-α的抗病毒作用。