Perkins Kenneth R, Schirillo James A
Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA.
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2003 Dec;20(12):2246-53. doi: 10.1364/josaa.20.002246.
The brightnesses (i.e., perceived luminance) of surfaces within a three-dimensional scene are contingent on both the luminances and the spatial arrangement of the surfaces. Observers viewed a CRT through a haploscope that presented simulated achromatic surfaces in three dimensions. They set a test patch to be approximately 33% more intense than a comparison patch to match the comparison patch in brightness, which is consistent with viewing a real scene with a simple lightning interpretation from which to estimate a different level of illumination in each depth plane. Randomly positioning each surface in either depth plane minimized any simple lighting interpretation, concomitantly reducing brightness differences to approximately 8.5%, although the immediate surrounds of the test and comparison patches continued to differ by a 5:1 luminance ratio.
三维场景中表面的亮度（即感知到的明度）取决于表面的亮度和空间排列。观察者通过一个体视镜观察阴极射线管（CRT），该体视镜呈现三维模拟消色表面。他们将一个测试色块的强度设置为比一个比较色块高约33%，以使两者在亮度上匹配，这与从一个简单的光照解释来观察真实场景一致，据此可以估计每个深度平面中的不同光照水平。在任一深度平面中随机定位每个表面，最大限度地减少了任何简单的光照解释，同时将亮度差异降低到约8.5%，尽管测试色块和比较色块的紧邻周边区域的亮度比仍为5:1。
