Theunissen Jan-Willem F, Kaplan Mark I, Hunt Patricia A, Williams Bret R, Ferguson David O, Alt Frederick W, Petrini John H J
Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Mol Cell. 2003 Dec;12(6):1511-23. doi: 10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00455-6.
In this study, mice expressing one of the two Mre11 alleles inherited in the human ataxia-telangiectasia like disorder (A-TLD) were derived. The mutation had a profound maternal effect on embryonic viability, revealing an acute requirement for Mre11 complex function in early embryogenesis. Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1) mice exhibited several indices of impaired ATM function. The mice also exhibited pronounced chromosomal instability. Despite this phenotypic spectrum, the animals were not prone to malignancy. These data indicate that defective cell cycle checkpoints and chromosomal instability are insufficient to significantly enhance the initiation of tumorigenesis. In contrast, the latency of malignancy in p53(+/-) mice was dramatically reduced. We propose that in Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1) mice, genome instability and cell cycle checkpoint defects reduce viability in early embryos and in proliferating cells, while promoting malignancy in the context of an initiating lesion.
在本研究中,培育出了表达人类共济失调毛细血管扩张症样疾病(A-TLD)中遗传的两种Mre11等位基因之一的小鼠。该突变对胚胎活力有深远的母体效应,揭示了早期胚胎发育过程中对Mre11复合物功能的迫切需求。Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1)小鼠表现出ATM功能受损的几个指标。这些小鼠还表现出明显的染色体不稳定。尽管有这种表型谱,但这些动物不易发生恶性肿瘤。这些数据表明,有缺陷的细胞周期检查点和染色体不稳定不足以显著增强肿瘤发生的起始。相比之下,p53(+/-)小鼠的恶性肿瘤潜伏期显著缩短。我们提出,在Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1)小鼠中,基因组不稳定和细胞周期检查点缺陷降低了早期胚胎和增殖细胞的活力,同时在起始病变的背景下促进了恶性肿瘤的发生。