Zhang Huasheng, Yang Jian, Qin Yingbiao, Chen Rangan, Chen Jingqiong
Dachang Tin Mine Worker Hospital, Huaxi Group Company of Guangxi, Nandan County, Guangxi Province 547205, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2002 Dec;20(6):430-2.
To explore the minimum observed adverse effect level(LOAEL) and intensity of pathogenesis of tin mine dust.
A cohort study design with retrospective assessment of exposure was used. Selected 4,471 male tin miners who were exposed to tin at least one year during 1960 to 1974 and were compared with 4,797 pottery dust exposed workers in the same way designed. Statistical analysis system SAS, PROC LIFETEST were used to perform the non-parameter calculation by Life Table method.
Tin mine cohort subjects were followed up to December 31, 1994. The percentage of miners who developed silicosis was 21.7% (971/4,471). 81% of the patients had been exposed to dust before 1958. The cumulative total dust exposure(CTD) was significantly correlated with silicosis risk. The risk of silicosis was 0.012 when CTD was less than 50 mg/m-3.year-1. The risk of silicosis was increased to 0.971 when CTD was beyond 400 mg.m-3.year-1. However, the risk of silicosis was only 0.369 for dust exposed workers in pottery factories when CTD was beyond 400 mg.m-3.year-1.
There was significant relationship between cumulative dust exposure and the incidence of silicosis in tin exposed workers. And silicosis induced by tin mine dust is more serious than the pottery dust.
探讨锡矿粉尘的最小观察到有害作用水平（LOAEL）及发病强度。
采用回顾性暴露评估的队列研究设计。选取1960年至1974年期间至少接触锡1年的4471名男性锡矿工人，并与4797名以相同方式设计的陶工粉尘接触工人进行比较。使用统计分析系统SAS的PROC LIFETEST过程，通过寿命表法进行非参数计算。
对锡矿队列研究对象随访至1994年12月31日。患矽肺病的矿工比例为21.7%（971/4471）。81%的患者在1958年以前就已接触粉尘。累积总粉尘暴露量（CTD）与矽肺病风险显著相关。当CTD小于50mg/m³·年时，矽肺病风险为0.012。当CTD超过400mg/m³·年时，矽肺病风险增至0.971。然而，对于陶厂粉尘接触工人，当CTD超过400mg/m³·年时，矽肺病风险仅为0.369。
锡接触工人的累积粉尘暴露量与矽肺病发病率之间存在显著关系。且锡矿粉尘所致矽肺病比陶工粉尘所致更为严重。
