Ferrell Jason A, Vencill William K
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jul 30;51(16):4719-21. doi: 10.1021/jf0342829.
Flumioxazin is an herbicide registered for use in soybean and peanut. However, few published papers concerning the soil persistence of flumioxazin are available. Therefore, laboratory studies were initiated to determine the half-life (t(1/2)) of flumioxazin in Greenville sandy clay loam and Tifton loamy sand soils when incubated at 15 and 25 degrees C. Results indicated that temperature had little effect on flumioxazin persistence. The t(1/2) for the Greenville soil was 17.9 and 16.0 days while the Tifton soil was 13.6 and 12.9 days, at 15 and 25 degrees C, respectively. These data correspond to the greater clay content of the Greenville soil (32%) as compared to the Tifton soil (2%). Therefore, the Greenville soil had greater soil adsorption and less flumioxazin was generally available to be degraded by soil microorganisms. In soils that were heat treated to reduce microbe populations, 99% of initial flumioxazin was accounted for after 16 days. Mineralization of flumioxazin, measured as 14CO2 evolution, was also greater in the Tifton soil (2.2% after 64 days) than in the Greenville soil (2.0% after 64 days). From these data, it was concluded that microbes were the most influential factor concerning the degradation of flumioxazin.
氟草嗪是一种已登记可用于大豆和花生的除草剂。然而，关于氟草嗪在土壤中的持久性，已发表的论文很少。因此，开展了实验室研究，以确定氟草嗪在格林维尔砂质粘壤土和蒂夫顿壤质砂土中于15摄氏度和25摄氏度下培养时的半衰期（t(1/2)）。结果表明，温度对氟草嗪的持久性影响很小。在15摄氏度和25摄氏度下，格林维尔土壤的t(1/2)分别为17.9天和16.0天，而蒂夫顿土壤的t(1/2)分别为13.6天和12.9天。这些数据与格林维尔土壤（32%）相比蒂夫顿土壤（2%）更高的粘土含量相对应。因此，格林维尔土壤具有更强的土壤吸附能力，通常可供土壤微生物降解的氟草嗪较少。在经过热处理以减少微生物数量的土壤中，16天后初始氟草嗪的99%得到了说明。以14CO2释放量衡量的氟草嗪矿化程度，在蒂夫顿土壤（64天后为2.2%）中也比在格林维尔土壤（64天后为2.0%）中更高。从这些数据可以得出结论，微生物是影响氟草嗪降解的最主要因素。
