Penna Aubin, Rassendren François A
Laboratoire de Génomique Fonctionnelle CNRS UPR 2580 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France.
J Soc Biol. 2003;197(3):249-58.
Calcium influxes are of fundamental importance in eukaryotic cell functions. These calcium influxes are carried by different classes of membrane proteins that allow regulated calcium entry. If in excitable cells, such as neurones or muscle, voltage-dependent calcium channels represent the main source of calcium influx, other proteins are needed to assume such a function in non-excitable cells. In these, a sustained calcium influx is observed, secondary to phospholipase C activation, IP3 synthesis and internal calcium release. The identity of proteins implicated in this second messenger calcium-driven influx, as well as the mechanisms of activation of these channels have long been debated. In recent years, genes encoding a new kind of cationic channels called TRP channels have been identified. This molecular work has set the basis for further functional studies and helped to gain crucial information on the mechanisms by which extracellular calcium can penetrate into non-excitable cells. This review will present the most recent advances obtained on the molecular diversity of TRP channels and their mode of gating.
钙内流在真核细胞功能中至关重要。这些钙内流由不同类型的膜蛋白介导，从而实现对钙进入的调控。在可兴奋细胞（如神经元或肌肉细胞）中，电压依赖性钙通道是钙内流的主要来源，而在非可兴奋细胞中则需要其他蛋白质来承担这一功能。在这些细胞中，观察到持续的钙内流，这是磷脂酶C激活、IP3合成及细胞内钙释放的继发结果。参与这种第二信使钙驱动内流的蛋白质的身份以及这些通道的激活机制长期以来一直存在争议。近年来，已鉴定出编码一种名为TRP通道的新型阳离子通道的基因。这项分子研究工作为进一步的功能研究奠定了基础，并有助于获取关于细胞外钙能够穿透非可兴奋细胞的机制的关键信息。本综述将介绍在TRP通道的分子多样性及其门控模式方面取得的最新进展。
