Sahin Nurhan, Sahin Kazim, Onderci Muhittin
Veterinary Control and Research Institute, 23100 Elazig, Turkey.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2003 Winter;96(1-3):179-89. doi: 10.1385/BTER:96:1-3:179.
The effects of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate) and selenium (Se; Na2-SeO3) on egg production, egg quality, and mineral content of egg yolk in Japanese quails reared under a low ambient temperature (6 degrees C) were evaluated. Birds (n=300; 7 wk old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups, 25 birds per group. The birds in a 3 x 2 factorial design received either three levels of vitamin E (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg diet) or two levels of selenium (0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg diet). After 2 wk on feed, six groups of the birds were maintained at 18 degrees C (thermoneutral temperature [TN]), and the other half were acclimated over 3 d to a decreased environmental temperature of 6 degrees C (cold stress [CS]). The performance, egg quality, and mineral content of egg yolk were not influenced by supplemental vitamin E and selenium in quails not exposed to cold stress (p > or = 0.09). Two hundred fifty and 500 mg vitamin E/kg diet compared with 125 mg/kg diet and higher dietary selenium inclusions (0.2 vs 0.1 mg/kg) resulted in a better body weight, egg production, and feed efficiency (p = 0.01) in quails reared under CS. Similarly, egg weight, egg specific gravity, eggshell thickness, and Haugh unit were positively influenced with vitamin E (p = 0.01) and selenium (p < or = 0.05) supplementation. Egg yolk concentrations of Zn, Fe, and Mn were higher with higher dietary vitamin E (p = 0.01) and selenium (p = 0.05). There was no interaction detected for parameters measured in the present study (p > or = 0.3). The results of the present study showed that a combination of 250 or 500 mg vitamin E and 0.2 mg selenium per kilogram of diet provides the greatest effects on performance and egg quality of Japanese quails reared under cold stress and suggest that such a supplementation can be considered as a protective management practice in Japanese quail diets to reduce the detrimental effects of cold stress.
评估了维生素E（dl-α-生育酚乙酸酯）和硒（Se；亚硒酸钠）对在低温（6摄氏度）环境下饲养的日本鹌鹑产蛋量、蛋品质及蛋黄矿物质含量的影响。选取300只7周龄的鹌鹑，随机分为12个处理组，每组25只。采用3×2析因设计，鹌鹑日粮中维生素E设三个水平（125、250和500毫克/千克日粮），硒设两个水平（0.1或0.2毫克/千克日粮）。饲喂2周后，将6组鹌鹑维持在18摄氏度（热中性温度[TN]），另一半鹌鹑在3天内适应降至6摄氏度的环境温度（冷应激[CS]）。在未遭受冷应激的鹌鹑中，补充维生素E和硒对其生产性能、蛋品质及蛋黄矿物质含量没有影响（p≥0.09）。与125毫克/千克日粮相比，日粮中添加250和500毫克维生素E/千克以及较高的硒添加量（0.2毫克/千克对0.1毫克/千克）可使处于冷应激环境下饲养的鹌鹑体重、产蛋量和饲料效率更佳（p = 0.01）。同样，补充维生素E（p = 0.01）和硒（p≤0.05）对蛋重、蛋比重、蛋壳厚度和哈氏单位有积极影响。日粮中维生素E（p = 0.01）和硒（p = 0.05）水平较高时，蛋黄中锌、铁和锰的浓度更高。本研究中所测参数未检测到交互作用（p≥0.3）。本研究结果表明，每千克日粮中添加250或500毫克维生素E和0.2毫克硒对处于冷应激环境下饲养的日本鹌鹑的生产性能和蛋品质影响最大，表明这种添加可被视为日本鹌鹑日粮中的一种保护性管理措施，以减少冷应激的不利影响。
