Kiffmeyer William R, Langer Erica, Davies Stella M, Envall Julie, Robison Leslie L, Ross Julie A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Cancer. 2004 Jan 15;100(2):411-7. doi: 10.1002/cncr.11913.
The Hmong, an isolated, agrarian people from southern China, migrated to the mountainous regions of what are today Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos. Minnesota has the second largest Hmong population in the United States. The authors compared frequencies of common genetic polymorphisms believed to influence risk of malignancy to determine whether frequencies in the Hmong are different from those in other Asian populations and in white Minnesotans.
Genotyping for glutathione S-transferase micro1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase theta1 (GSTT1), myeloperoxidase (MPO) (C(-)463T), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) (C609T), 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) (C677T), MTHFR (A1298C), methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) (A66G), X-ray repair cross complementing 1 (XRCC1) 194 (Arg194Trp), XRCC1 280 (Arg280His), and XRCC1 399 (Arg399Gln) alleles was performed by TaqMan analysis using DNA isolated from newborn heel-stick spots provided by the Minnesota Department of Health.
The Hmong had significantly higher frequencies of the NQO1 T allele and the XRCC1 Trp polymorphism (Arg194Trp) and had significantly lower frequencies of the G allele in MTRR (A66G) and the T allele in MTHFR (C677T) compared with white Minnesotans. The Hmong also were significantly more likely to lack the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes compared with whites (82% vs. 54% and 61% vs. 18%, respectively). Genotype frequencies were similar for MTHFR (A1298C), MPO (C(-)463T), and XRCC1 (Arg280His, Arg399Gln). Genotype frequencies at these loci also were compared with those reported for other Asian populations and showed notable differences between the Hmong and Chinese/Taiwanese, Korean, and Japanese populations.
The genetic differences identified have implications for both cancer etiology and prognosis in this unique population.
苗族是一个与世隔绝的农耕民族，原居中国南方，后迁至现今越南、柬埔寨和老挝的山区。明尼苏达州的苗族人口在美国位居第二。作者比较了被认为会影响患癌风险的常见基因多态性的频率，以确定苗族的这些频率是否与其他亚洲人群以及明尼苏达州白人的频率有所不同。
采用TaqMan分析法，对从明尼苏达州卫生部提供的新生儿足跟血斑中提取的DNA进行谷胱甘肽S -转移酶微1（GSTM1）、谷胱甘肽S -转移酶θ1（GSTT1）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）（C（ - ）463T）、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸：醌氧化还原酶（NQO1）（C609T）、5,10 -亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）（C677T）、MTHFR（A1298C）、甲硫氨酸合成酶还原酶（MTRR）（A66G）、X射线修复交叉互补1（XRCC1）194（Arg194Trp）、XRCC1 280（Arg280His）和XRCC1 399（Arg399Gln）等位基因的基因分型。
与明尼苏达州白人相比，苗族的NQO1 T等位基因和XRCC1 Trp多态性（Arg194Trp）频率显著更高，而MTRR（A66G）中的G等位基因和MTHFR（C677T）中的T等位基因频率显著更低。与白人相比，苗族也更有可能缺乏GSTM1和GSTT1基因（分别为82%对54%和61%对18%）。MTHFR（A1298C）、MPO（C（ - ）463T）和XRCC1（Arg280His，Arg399Gln）的基因型频率相似。还将这些位点的基因型频率与其他亚洲人群报告的频率进行了比较，结果显示苗族与中国/台湾、韩国和日本人群之间存在显著差异。
所确定的基因差异对这一独特人群的癌症病因和预后均有影响。
