Smith Lanna, Farroni Jennifer, Baillie Barbara Ryan, Haynes Hwajoo
Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Astley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2003 Dec;15(4):489-94. doi: 10.1016/s0899-5885(02)00087-4.
Heart transplantation remains the best treatment option for end-stage heart failure. For patients who are not candidates for transplantation, better medical management and surgical options in heart failure can improve both the length and quality of a patient's life. Continuing research on xenotransplantation and the total artificial heart may decrease the need for human transplantation in years to come and may allow others with severe heart failure to have a chance at living longer.
