Abib Hinda, Laraba-Djebari Fatima
Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumédienne Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algérie.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2003 Dec;81(12):1125-30. doi: 10.1139/y03-121.
Antisera are used as effective antidotes against the local effects of snake bites. To improve antisera production and extend the life of surrogates used to produce antibodies, the chronic effects of venom toxicity must be reduced. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of gamma irradiation to reduce the local effects associated with viperid snake bites by evaluating in NMRI mice the toxicity and edematic, hemorrhagic, and myonecrotic activities of native and irradiated Cerastes cerastes venoms. These results indicated that the toxicity of irradiated venoms (1 and 2 kGy) decreased as compared with that of native venom. The edematic and hemorrhagic activities were also reduced in the detoxified samples, particularly with the 2-kGy radiation dose. Furthermore, the creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity was significantly increased in the serum and decreased in the myocardium after envenomation with native venom, but no significant enzymatic changes were observed in mice envenomated with irradiated venom. Histopathologic evaluation showed that native venom caused severe degenerative changes in the myocardium. In the case of 2-kGy-irradiated venom, no tissue alterations were observed. These results indicate that irradiation of venom with a 2-kGy dose may offer an effective method for reducing the chronic toxic effects of venom in immunized animals.
抗血清被用作对抗蛇咬伤局部效应的有效解毒剂。为了提高抗血清的产量并延长用于产生抗体的替代物的寿命，必须降低毒液毒性的慢性影响。本研究通过在NMRI小鼠中评估天然和辐照的角蝰毒液的毒性、水肿、出血和肌坏死活性，来评价γ射线辐照降低蝰蛇咬伤相关局部效应的有效性。这些结果表明，与天然毒液相比，辐照毒液（1和2千戈瑞）的毒性降低。解毒后的样品中水肿和出血活性也降低，特别是在2千戈瑞辐射剂量下。此外，用天然毒液注入小鼠后，血清中的肌酸磷酸激酶（CPK）活性显著增加，心肌中的CPK活性降低，但在用辐照毒液注入的小鼠中未观察到明显的酶变化。组织病理学评估显示，天然毒液导致心肌严重退行性变化。在用2千戈瑞辐照的毒液的情况下，未观察到组织改变。这些结果表明，用2千戈瑞剂量辐照毒液可能为降低免疫动物中毒液的慢性毒性作用提供一种有效方法。
