Berkane Nadia, Verstraete Lieve, Uzan Serge
Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, Hôpital Tenon, 75970 Paris.
Rev Prat. 2003 Nov 15;53(17):1906-12.
Repetitive spontaneous first trimester miscarriage as well as second and third trimester in utero fetal death are considered as recurrent pregnancy losses. They represent 1% of all pregnancies. Repetitive fetal loss with alive fetus should also be counted as such. An explanation is found for less than 50% of such patients. Most recurrent first trimester fetal losses are of chromosomal, hormonal, immunological, uterine or environmental origin. The most frequent causes for in utero fetal death are renovascular syndromes, hormonal or immunological pathologies, hereditary thrombophilias, red cell or platelet allo-immunisation and chromosomal anomalies. Second trimester miscarriage is generally due to a cervical incompetence, uterine malformations or infections.
孕早期反复自然流产以及孕中期和孕晚期宫内胎儿死亡被视为复发性流产。它们占所有妊娠的1%。有存活胎儿的反复性胎儿丢失也应如此计算。不到50%的此类患者能找到病因。大多数孕早期反复性胎儿丢失是由染色体、激素、免疫、子宫或环境因素引起的。宫内胎儿死亡最常见的原因是肾血管综合征、激素或免疫病理、遗传性血栓形成倾向、红细胞或血小板同种免疫以及染色体异常。孕中期流产通常是由于宫颈机能不全、子宫畸形或感染。
