Perttunen J R, Anttila E, Södergård J, Merikanto J, Komi P V
Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2004 Feb;14(1):49-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2003.00307.x.
Foot loading patterns and neuromuscular function of both limbs during walking were investigated on 25 patients with limb length discrepancy. Plantar pressures and 2-D ground reaction forces were recorded simultaneously with electromyographic activities at two different walking speeds. Bilateral comparison indicated that moderate limb length discrepancies resulted in asymmetrical gait patterns. The duration of the stance phase was reduced in the short limb in both walking speeds. The vertical ground reaction force (F) in the push-off phase was greater in the long limb both at normal (1.33 (SO, 0.05 BW) vs. 1.29 (SD, 0.09 BW)) (P=0.0027) and fast walking speed (1.55 (SD, 0.11) vs. 1.48 (SD, 0.15 BW)) (P=0.001). Peak plantar pressures were higher under the big toe in the long leg and the heel-off occurred faster. The push-off phase was initiated earlier in the short leg. The maximum isometric torque of the long limb was considerably greater (673 Nm vs. 239 Nm) (P=0.026). The results imply that the loading of the long limb is greater and the foot loading patterns shifted more to the forefoot in the long, limb to compensate walking disturbances caused by limb length discrepancies.
对25例肢体长度不等的患者在行走过程中双下肢的足部负荷模式和神经肌肉功能进行了研究。在两种不同的行走速度下，同时记录足底压力、二维地面反作用力和肌电活动。双侧比较表明，中度肢体长度不等会导致不对称步态模式。在两种行走速度下，短肢的站立期持续时间均缩短。在正常行走速度（1.33（标准差，0.05体重）对1.29（标准差，0.09体重））（P=0.0027）和快速行走速度（1.55（标准差，0.11）对1.48（标准差，0.15体重））（P=0.001）时，长肢在蹬离期的垂直地面反作用力（F）更大。长肢大脚趾下的足底压力峰值更高，足跟离地更快。短肢的蹬离期开始更早。长肢的最大等长扭矩明显更大（673牛米对239牛米）（P=0.026）。结果表明，长肢的负荷更大，长肢的足部负荷模式更多地向足前部转移，以补偿肢体长度不等引起的行走障碍。
