Minjarez Debra A
Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Englewood, Colorado 80220, USA.
Semin Reprod Med. 2003 Nov;21(4):363-73. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-815592.
Abnormal bleeding is a common clinical problem in adolescents, with the vast majority of cases resulting from anovulatory menstrual cycles. Although most episodes of abnormal vaginal bleeding do not cause acute medical complications, bleeding can be traumatic for young patients and their families. Health care providers with a solid knowledge of menstrual physiology and a thorough approach to differential diagnosis can evaluate and appropriately manage adolescents. In this article, we review the maturation of the hypothalamic ovarian axis, the most frequent etiologies of abnormal bleeding, as well as other less common causes and discuss diagnosis and treatment modalities.
异常出血是青少年常见的临床问题，绝大多数病例是由无排卵性月经周期引起的。虽然大多数阴道异常出血情况不会导致急性医疗并发症，但出血对年轻患者及其家庭来说可能是一种创伤。对月经生理有扎实了解并采用全面鉴别诊断方法的医疗服务提供者能够对青少年进行评估并给予适当治疗。在本文中，我们回顾下丘脑 - 卵巢轴的成熟过程、异常出血最常见的病因以及其他不太常见的原因，并讨论诊断和治疗方式。
