Cottrez Françoise, Groux Hervé
Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France.
Transplantation. 2004 Jan 15;77(1 Suppl):S12-5. doi: 10.1097/01.TP.0000106471.23410.32.
The regulation of immune responses to self-antigens is a complex process that involves maintaining self-tolerance while retaining the capacity to mount robust immune responses against invading microorganisms. Over the past few years, many new insights into this process have been gained, leading to the reemergence of the idea that regulatory T cells (Treg) are key players in immune regulation. These insights have raised fundamental questions concerning the definition of a Treg and what exactly constitutes T-cell-mediated suppression, identification of the signals and the cellular environment that promote the development and differentiation of these cells, and which signals maintain the homeostasis of the immune system. Thus far, the different models where Treg have been characterized cannot fully account for CD(4+)CD(25+) T cells. In this article, the authors propose the coexistence of two specialized types of CD(4+) Treg-innate and acquired-that differ in terms of their development, specificity, mechanisms, and sites of action.
对自身抗原的免疫反应调节是一个复杂的过程，涉及维持自身耐受性，同时保留对入侵微生物产生强大免疫反应的能力。在过去几年中，人们对这一过程有了许多新的认识，这使得调节性T细胞（Treg）是免疫调节关键参与者这一观点再次出现。这些认识引发了一些基本问题，包括Treg的定义、究竟是什么构成了T细胞介导的抑制作用、促进这些细胞发育和分化的信号及细胞环境的识别，以及哪些信号维持免疫系统的稳态。到目前为止，已对Treg进行特征描述的不同模型并不能完全解释CD(4+)CD(25+) T细胞。在本文中，作者提出两种特殊类型的CD(4+) Treg（先天性和获得性）共存，它们在发育、特异性、机制和作用部位方面存在差异。
