Stone Valerie E
Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Feb 1;38(3):400-4. doi: 10.1086/380969. Epub 2004 Jan 9.
Persons belonging to racial/ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States, with higher numbers of infected individuals and higher HIV/AIDS-related death rates. Despite its substantial medical toll among minorities, HIV/AIDS has had a complex sociocultural legacy in many minority communities in the United States, especially in the African American community, which can present a challenge for patients and medical care providers. Many studies have found that minorities receiving care for HIV/AIDS are less likely to be satisfied with their HIV care and less likely to receive highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) than are other patients. The root causes of these disparities in care have not yet been well delineated. However, clinicians can optimize the care they provide for minority patients by using a cultural competence framework, enhancing patient-provider communication, diversifying their clinical staff, proactively enhancing receipt of HAART, and being attentive to issues related to adherence to HAART.
在美国，少数族裔人群受人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染和/或获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的影响尤为严重，感染人数更多，与HIV/AIDS相关的死亡率也更高。尽管HIV/AIDS给少数族裔带来了巨大的医疗负担，但在美国许多少数族裔社区，尤其是非裔美国人社区，它有着复杂的社会文化影响，这可能给患者和医疗服务提供者带来挑战。许多研究发现，接受HIV/AIDS治疗的少数族裔患者对其HIV治疗的满意度低于其他患者，接受高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）的可能性也较小。这些护理差异的根本原因尚未完全明确。然而，临床医生可以通过运用文化能力框架、加强医患沟通、使临床工作人员多元化、积极促进HAART的接受，并关注与HAART依从性相关的问题，来优化为少数族裔患者提供的护理。
