Alonso M, Arellano-Sota C, Cereser V H, Cordoves C O, Guglielmone A A, Kessler R, Mangold A J, Nari A, Patarroyo J H, Solari M A
Centro Nacional de Salud Animal, San José de Las Lajas, Havana, Cuba.
Rev Sci Tech. 1992 Sep;11(3):713-33. doi: 10.20506/rst.11.3.623.
The various parameters which interact in the epizootiology of babesiosis and anaplasmosis and which it is necessary to obtain in a survey are analysed and the two diseases compared. Where no data are available from Latin America and the Caribbean, the references from Australia and the United States of America are discussed. The two principal objectives of a study on the epidemiology of babesiosis and anaplasmosis are: to determine the risk of occurrence to understand the relevant factors leading to outbreaks. The first objective is relatively simple to achieve for both diseases by calculating the animal inoculation rate (h) at a determined age and the critical value of h for enzootic stability. The second objective requires exhaustive and complex studies. For babesiosis epidemiology, studies of the tick infection rate, cattle infestation rate, genetic composition of cattle, acaricides, stocking rate, climatic data and other factors are necessary. Anaplasmosis epidemiology cannot be satisfactorily explained by considering it purely as a tick-borne disease. Difficulties to be overcome include the great diversity of haematophagous Diptera in Latin America, and the scarcity of data on the capacity of these insects as anaplasmosis vectors and their feed preferences on cattle.
分析了在巴贝斯虫病和无形体病流行学中相互作用且在调查中需要获取的各种参数，并对这两种疾病进行了比较。在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区没有可用数据的情况下，讨论了来自澳大利亚和美利坚合众国的参考文献。关于巴贝斯虫病和无形体病流行病学研究的两个主要目标是：确定发生风险，以了解导致疫情爆发的相关因素。对于这两种疾病，通过计算特定年龄的动物接种率（h）和地方病稳定性的h临界值，第一个目标相对容易实现。第二个目标需要详尽而复杂的研究。对于巴贝斯虫病流行病学，有必要研究蜱感染率、牛感染率、牛的遗传组成、杀螨剂、饲养密度、气候数据和其他因素。仅仅将无形体病流行病学视为一种蜱传疾病并不能令人满意地解释它。需要克服的困难包括拉丁美洲吸血双翅目昆虫的多样性极大，以及关于这些昆虫作为无形体病传播媒介的能力及其对牛的取食偏好的数据稀缺。
