[Biomedical support to a piloted Martian expedition].

Review of the main problems of biomedical support (BMS) to a piloted mission to Mars has revealed a correlation of the BMS constituents and parameters with the specifics of this venture that makes it significantly different from the near-Earth flights. Success of the transit to Mars and back and safety of the planet explorers will hinge on the BMS system functionality in the harsh changing environment and power to ensure medical safety, health and performance of the crew. Particular emphasis has been placed on the necessity to enhance methods of crew selection and training, to develop an on-board medical center including an appropriate database, to search for high-efficiency countermeasures, to formulate prescriptions for resolution possible psychological problems in flight, and to design and manufacture regenerative life support and radiation protection systems.