Cupisti Adamasco, D'Alessandro Claudia, Ghiadoni Lorenzo, Morelli Ester, Panichi Vincenzo, Barsotti Giuliano
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
J Ren Nutr. 2004 Jan;14(1):31-5. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2003.09.007.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a soy-protein diet on plasma lipid levels of renal transplant recipients with moderate hypercholesterolemia.
Dietary intervention case-control observational study.
Renal transplantation outpatient clinic.
Fifteen stable patients who had renal transplantation (serum creatinine < 2 mg/dL) with moderate hypercholesterolemia (low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol > 140 mg/dL).
After a baseline dietary interview, dietary counseling was given individually with the goal of substituting 25 g of animal protein with 25 g of soy protein for a 5-week period, using commercially available soy foods, according to each patient's own preference. Main outcome measures Before and after the soy-diet period, plasma lipid profiles including total, LDL, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A1 and B were determined. Protein catabolic rate was assumed as a measure of dietary protein intake.
Two patients dropped out. After the soy diet, total cholesterol (254 +/- 22 to 231 +/- 31 mg/dL, P <.05) and LDL cholesterol (165 +/- 20 versus 143 +/- 20 mg/dL, P <.01) decreased significantly. No significant changes were observed regarding HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Dietary protein intake did not differ at baseline (73.2 +/- 22.9 g/day) and during the soy diet (72.6 +/- 15.6 g/day), when the reported actual soy protein intake resulted 26 +/- 8 g/day.
This study shows that soy proteins given as part of the daily protein intake have beneficial effects on serum LDL cholesterol levels of renal transplant recipients with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Soy proteins could be of use in the nutritional management of renal transplant recipients.
本研究旨在评估大豆蛋白饮食对中度高胆固醇血症肾移植受者血脂水平的影响。
饮食干预病例对照观察性研究。
肾移植门诊。
15名稳定的肾移植患者（血清肌酐<2mg/dL），伴有中度高胆固醇血症（低密度脂蛋白[LDL]胆固醇>140mg/dL）。
在进行基线饮食访谈后，根据每位患者的自身偏好，使用市售大豆食品，进行个体化饮食咨询，目标是在5周内用25g大豆蛋白替代25g动物蛋白。主要观察指标在大豆饮食期前后，测定血脂谱，包括总胆固醇、LDL和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇、甘油三酯、载脂蛋白A1和B。以蛋白质分解代谢率作为饮食蛋白质摄入量的指标。
两名患者退出。大豆饮食后，总胆固醇（254±22至231±31mg/dL，P<.05）和LDL胆固醇（165±20对143±20mg/dL，P<.01）显著降低。HDL胆固醇和甘油三酯未见显著变化。基线时（73.2±22.9g/天）和大豆饮食期间（72.6±15.6g/天）的饮食蛋白质摄入量无差异，报告的实际大豆蛋白摄入量为26±8g/天。
本研究表明，作为每日蛋白质摄入量一部分的大豆蛋白对中度高胆固醇血症肾移植受者的血清LDL胆固醇水平有有益影响。大豆蛋白可用于肾移植受者的营养管理。
