Kumagai Takeo, Hatakeyama Yoshio, Yoshimatsu Kayo, Shimomura Koichiro
Faculty of Life Science, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakuramachi, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan.
Kokuritsu Iyakuhin Shokuhin Eisei Kenkyusho Hokoku. 2003(121):12-5.
The effect of fertilizer on the yield and yield components of opium from Papaver somniferum L.cv.Ikkanshu were investigated from 1993 to 1995. The weight of opium per one capsule was tendency to increase in the order of peat moss > pulverized charcoal > compound fertilizer, but the differences among the results were not significant. Furthermore, no difference in the capsule weight per 100 m2 and the yields of opium and alkaloids per 100 m2 were detected. The significant difference was only observed when the data were compared among the weights and yields of different years. The difference among the yield of opium was mainly due to the weight of opium per one capsule. The weight of opium per one capsule showed a high correlation with capsule husk weight. The alkaloids contents in opium obtained with a different fertilizer application showed no difference. Morphine content at the first lancing was about 11%, and the value decreased with the order of lancing. On the contrary, the codeine and the thebaine content did not change during lancing and the value were 6-7% and 3%, respectively. The papaverine and the noscapine content decreased in the order of lancing.
1993年至1995年，研究了肥料对伊卡恩舒罂粟（Papaver somniferum L.cv.Ikkanshu）鸦片产量及产量构成因素的影响。单个蒴果的鸦片重量呈泥炭藓＞木炭粉＞复合肥的顺序递增趋势，但结果间差异不显著。此外，每100平方米的蒴果重量、每100平方米的鸦片产量和生物碱产量均未检测到差异。仅在比较不同年份的重量和产量数据时观察到显著差异。鸦片产量的差异主要归因于单个蒴果的鸦片重量。单个蒴果的鸦片重量与蒴果壳重量高度相关。不同施肥处理获得的鸦片中的生物碱含量无差异。首次划破时吗啡含量约为11%，且该值随划破次数增加而降低。相反，可待因和蒂巴因含量在划破过程中未发生变化，其值分别为6 - 7%和3%。罂粟碱和那可丁含量随划破次数增加而降低。
