Evaluation of i.v. verapamil effects on cardiovascular responses in normotensive patients during laryngoscopy.

Laryngoscopy and intubation are known to increase systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR). In this study, we demonstrated that the injection of intravenous verapamil (0.1 mg/kg) prior to laryngoscopy can blunt the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation and result in stable hemodynamic profile in normotensive patients.