DiFrancesco Angela M, Chiu Pei C, Standley Laurel J, Allen Herbert E, Salvito Daniel T
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Jan 1;38(1):194-201. doi: 10.1021/es034618v.
A possible removal mechanism for fragrance materials (FMs) in wastewater is adsorption to sludge, and sludge application to land may be a route through which FMs are released to the soil environment. However, little is known about the concentrations and fate of FMs in soil receiving sludge application. This study was conducted to better understand the dissipation of FMs in sludge-amended soils. We first determined the spiking and extraction efficiencies for 22 FMs in soil and leachate samples. Nine FMs were detected in digested sludges from two wastewater treatment plants in Delaware using these methods. We conducted a 1-year die-away experiment which involved four different soils amended with sludge, with and without spiking of the 22 FMs. The initial dissipation of FMs in all spiked trays was rapid, and only seven FMs remained at concentrations above the quantification limits after 3 months: AHTN, HHCB, musk ketone, musk xylene, acetyl cedrene, OTNE, and DPMI. After 1 year, the only FMs remaining in all spiked trays were musk ketone and AHTN. DPMI was the only FM that leached significantly from the spiked trays, and no FMs were detected in leachate from any unspiked tray. While soil organic matter content affected the dissipation rate in general, different mechanisms (volatilization, transformation, leaching) appeared to be important for different FMs.
废水中香料物质（FMs）的一种可能去除机制是吸附到污泥上，而将污泥施用于土地可能是FMs释放到土壤环境中的一条途径。然而，对于接受污泥施用的土壤中FMs的浓度和归宿知之甚少。本研究旨在更好地了解FMs在污泥改良土壤中的消散情况。我们首先测定了土壤和渗滤液样品中22种FMs的加标和提取效率。使用这些方法在特拉华州的两个污水处理厂的消化污泥中检测到了9种FMs。我们进行了一项为期1年的衰减实验，涉及四种用污泥改良的不同土壤，添加和不添加22种FMs。所有加标托盘上FMs的初始消散速度很快，3个月后只有7种FMs的浓度仍高于定量限：佳乐麝香、高环麝香、酮麝香、二甲苯麝香、乙酰雪松烯、OTNE和DPMI。1年后，所有加标托盘上仅残留的FMs是酮麝香和佳乐麝香。DPMI是唯一从加标托盘中显著淋溶出来的FMs，未加标的托盘中的渗滤液中未检测到任何FMs。虽然土壤有机质含量总体上影响消散速率，但不同的机制（挥发、转化、淋溶）对不同FMs似乎很重要。
