Welt Marc, Mielke Howard W, Gonzales Chris, Cooper Kora M, Batiste Corey G, Cresswell Lawrence H, Mielke Paul W
College of Pharmacy, Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
Environ Geochem Health. 2003 Dec;25(4):387-96. doi: 10.1023/b:egah.0000004552.15486.f5.
This research examines the pattern of sediment contamination of an urban bayou of New Orleans (formerly a natural waterway) and the potential for human exposure from consumption of fish caught in the bayou. Sediments and soils of Bayou Saint John were evaluated for lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd). Sediment cores were collected at bridges (n = 130) and sites between the bridges (n = 303) of the bayou. In addition, soil samples (n = 66) were collected along the banks of the bayou. Sediments below the bridges contain significantly more (p-value approximately 10(-7)) Pb and Zn (medians of 241 and 230 mg kg(-1), respectively) than bayou sediments located between bridges (medians of 64 and 77 mg kg(-1), respectively). Sediments below bridges of the upper reaches of the bayou contain significantly larger amounts of metals (p < 10(-14) for Pb and Zn and p approximately 10(-8) for Cd) (medians of 329, 383 and 1.5, respectively) than sediments below bridges in the lower reaches of the bayou (medians of 43, 31 and 0.5 for Pb, Zn and Cd, respectively). Likewise, medians for sediments located between bridges contain significantly (p < 10(-14)) higher quantities of Pb, Zn and Cd (170, 203 and 1.8 mg kg(-1), respectively) in the upper bayou than Pb, Zn, and Cd (48, 32, and 0.8 mg kg(-1), respectively) in the lower reaches of the bayou. The potential risk for human exposure may be magnified by the fact that fishing generally occurs from the numerous bridges that cross the bayou. Poor and minority people do most of the fishing. Most people (87%) indicated they ate fish they caught from the Bayou.
本研究调查了新奥尔良一条城市河湾（原为天然水道）的沉积物污染模式，以及食用在该河湾捕获的鱼类对人类造成暴露的可能性。对圣约翰河湾的沉积物和土壤进行了铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）和镉（Cd）含量评估。在河湾的桥梁处（n = 130）和桥梁之间的地点（n = 303）采集了沉积物岩芯。此外，还在河湾沿岸采集了土壤样本（n = 66）。桥梁下方的沉积物所含的铅和锌（中位数分别为241和230毫克/千克）显著多于（p值约为10^(-7)）桥梁之间的河湾沉积物（中位数分别为64和77毫克/千克）。河湾上游桥梁下方的沉积物所含金属量显著更高（铅和锌的p < 10^(-14)，镉的p约为10^(-8)）（中位数分别为329、383和1.5），高于河湾下游桥梁下方的沉积物（铅、锌和镉的中位数分别为43、31和0.5）。同样，河湾上游桥梁之间沉积物的铅、锌和镉中位数（分别为170、203和1.8毫克/千克）也显著高于（p < 用10^(-14)）河湾下游桥梁之间沉积物的铅、锌和镉（分别为48、32和0.8毫克/千克）。由于捕鱼活动通常发生在横跨河湾的众多桥梁上，人类暴露的潜在风险可能会被放大。贫困人群和少数族裔是捕鱼的主力军。大多数人（87%）表示他们食用自己从河湾捕获的鱼。
