Diehl Randy L, Lotto Andrew J, Holt Lori L
Department of Psychology and Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0187, USA.
Annu Rev Psychol. 2004;55:149-79. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142028.
This chapter focuses on one of the first steps in comprehending spoken language: How do listeners extract the most fundamental linguistic elements-consonants and vowels, or the distinctive features which compose them-from the acoustic signal? We begin by describing three major theoretical perspectives on the perception of speech. Then we review several lines of research that are relevant to distinguishing these perspectives. The research topics surveyed include categorical perception, phonetic context effects, learning of speech and related nonspeech categories, and the relation between speech perception and production. Finally, we describe challenges facing each of the major theoretical perspectives on speech perception.
听众如何从声学信号中提取最基本的语言元素——辅音和元音，或构成它们的区别性特征？我们首先描述关于言语感知的三种主要理论观点。然后我们回顾与区分这些观点相关的几条研究路线。所调查的研究主题包括范畴感知、语音语境效应、言语及相关非言语类别的学习，以及言语感知与产生之间的关系。最后，我们描述言语感知的每种主要理论观点所面临的挑战。
