A new hermit crab species of Pylopaguropsis (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguridae) from the western Pacific, and supplemental note on P. laevispinosa McLaughlin and Haig.

Pylopaguropsis vicina, a new species of the Paguridae, is described and illustrated from southern Japan and Indonesia. This new species is most similar to P. laevispinosa McLaughlin and Haig, but is distinguished by the armature of the chelae and ambulatory dactyli, spination of the telson, and stripe pattern of the pereopods. Reexamination of specimens referred to P. laevispinosa by recent authors has shown these assignments to be incorrect. A brief supplemental description is provided for P. laevispinosa in order to clarify its systematic status. An amended key to species of the genus Pylopaguropsis is presented.