Chiu W W C, Erikson E K L, Sole C A, Shelling A N, Chamley L W
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Hum Reprod. 2004 Feb;19(2):243-9. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deh050.
Antisperm antibodies (ASA) may be an important cause of infertility, but current tests for the detection of ASA have poor prognostic value. Identification of the sperm proteins that ASA bind to may aid the development of more useful diagnostic tests.
One- and two-dimensional PAGE and western blotting analyses, as well as amino acid sequencing, were used to identify a novel sperm protein reactive with ASA (SPRASA) from infertile men. An antiserum reactive with SPRASA was produced by immunizing a rabbit with SPRASA excised from two-dimensional gels. This antiserum was used to demonstrate the localization of SPRASA on the sperm.
Amino acid sequences derived from SPRASA matched those of a theoretical protein, XP-085564. This protein is derived from the C-type lysozyme/alpha-lactalbumin gene family. Immunohisto chemistry indicates that SPRASA is localized to the acrosome. Western blot analysis revealed that 50 unselected individuals did not have antibodies that reacted with SPRASA.
Only ASA from infertile men react with SPRASA, suggesting that this novel protein may be important in the processes of fertility. The identification of SPRASA as the antigen for infertility-associated ASA raises the possibility of developing first, antigen-specific tests for ASA, and secondly, more targeted treatment for immune-mediated infertility.
抗精子抗体（ASA）可能是不孕的一个重要原因，但目前用于检测ASA的测试预后价值较差。鉴定ASA所结合的精子蛋白可能有助于开发更有用的诊断测试。
采用一维和二维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）、蛋白质印迹分析以及氨基酸测序，从不育男性中鉴定一种与ASA反应的新型精子蛋白（SPRASA）。用从二维凝胶中切下的SPRASA免疫兔子，制备出与SPRASA反应的抗血清。该抗血清用于证明SPRASA在精子上的定位。
SPRASA的氨基酸序列与一种理论蛋白XP-085564的序列匹配。该蛋白源自C型溶菌酶/α-乳白蛋白基因家族。免疫组织化学表明SPRASA定位于顶体。蛋白质印迹分析显示，50名未经过筛选的个体没有与SPRASA反应的抗体。
只有不育男性的ASA与SPRASA反应，表明这种新型蛋白可能在生育过程中起重要作用。将SPRASA鉴定为与不孕相关的ASA的抗原，首先增加了开发针对ASA的抗原特异性测试的可能性，其次增加了对免疫介导的不孕进行更有针对性治疗的可能性。
