Reeves Philip G, Ralston Nicholas V C, Idso Joseph P, Lukaski Henry C
U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA.
J Nutr. 2004 Feb;134(2):416-25. doi: 10.1093/jn/134.2.416.
Dietary nutrient interactions are important factors to consider in the study of nutrient status and requirements. Here, the effects of dietary interactions among copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and sulfur amino acids (SAA) on blood cell characteristics and enzyme activities were observed. Male rats (n = 8) were used in a 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design and fed an AIN-93G-based diet containing dietary Cu (<1 and 5 mg/kg), Fe (10 and 35 mg/kg), Mn (10 and 50 mg/kg) and either L-cystine (LCys) or DL-methionine (DLMet). Blood was analyzed by automated hematology cell counting and by flow cytometry. Severe Cu deficiency was verified by reductions in the activities of serum ceruloplasmin (1% of control), RBC superoxide dismutase (SOD1) (14% of control), liver cytochrome c oxidase activity (25% of control) and serum extracellular SOD (SOD3) activity (20% of controls). Because Cu is required for Fe utilization, many physiologic responses that require Fe were affected by both deficiencies, including lowered blood hemoglobin (Hgb), lower RBC volume and Hgb concentration, and an increased number of reticulocytes. Cu and Fe deficiencies together worsened some conditions, i.e., lower Hgb, lower RBC Hgb, increased RBC distribution width, increased number of reticulocytes and nucleated RBC, and a higher platelet count. Increasing dietary Mn had little effect on most variables, except to reduce serum Cu when dietary Cu was adequate but not when it was low, and to reduce RBC SOD1 activity when dietary Fe was low but not when it was adequate. Hgb concentrations were higher (P < 0.002) in Cu-deficient rats fed LCys than in those fed DLMet. There was no effect in Cu-adequate rats. Hgb was higher (P < 0.004) in Fe-adequate rats fed LCys than in those fed DLMet, with no effect in Fe-deficient rats. Although the anemia of Cu deficiency in AIN-93G-fed rats was not as pronounced as that reported in rats fed the AIN-76A-based diet, other manifestations of the deficiency were prominent.
膳食营养素相互作用是研究营养状况和需求时需要考虑的重要因素。在此，观察了铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）和含硫氨基酸（SAA）之间的膳食相互作用对血细胞特征和酶活性的影响。雄性大鼠（n = 8）采用2×2×2×2析因设计，喂食基于AIN-93G的日粮，其中含有膳食铜（<1和5 mg/kg）、铁（10和35 mg/kg）、锰（10和50 mg/kg）以及L-胱氨酸（LCys）或DL-蛋氨酸（DLMet）。通过自动血液学细胞计数和流式细胞术对血液进行分析。血清铜蓝蛋白活性降低（为对照的1%）、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（SOD1）活性降低（为对照的14%）、肝细胞色素c氧化酶活性降低（为对照的25%）以及血清细胞外超氧化物歧化酶（SOD3）活性降低（为对照的20%）证实了严重的铜缺乏。由于铁的利用需要铜，许多需要铁的生理反应受到两种缺乏的影响，包括血液血红蛋白（Hgb）降低、红细胞体积和血红蛋白浓度降低以及网织红细胞数量增加。铜和铁缺乏共同使一些情况恶化，即血红蛋白降低、红细胞血红蛋白降低、红细胞分布宽度增加、网织红细胞和有核红细胞数量增加以及血小板计数升高。增加膳食锰对大多数变量影响不大，只是在膳食铜充足时会降低血清铜，而在膳食铜低时则不会，并且在膳食铁低时会降低红细胞SOD1活性，而在膳食铁充足时则不会。喂食LCys的缺铜大鼠的血红蛋白浓度高于喂食DLMet的大鼠（P < 0.002）。在铜充足的大鼠中没有影响。喂食LCys的铁充足大鼠的血红蛋白高于喂食DLMet的大鼠（P < 0.004），在缺铁大鼠中没有影响。尽管喂食AIN-93G日粮的大鼠铜缺乏性贫血不如喂食基于AIN-76A日粮的大鼠中报道的那样明显，但该缺乏的其他表现很突出。
