Expression of oat phyA cDNA in the moss Ceratodon purpureus.

The possibility of transforming Ceratodon purpureus protoplasts by PEG-mediated direct DNA uptake was tested. Transformation with a plasmid carrying a kanamycin-resistance gene resulted in kanamycin-resistant colonies of C. purpureus protonemata. A full-length cDNA clone coding for oat phyA phytochrome was isolated. The clone HM4.1 which is 3.7-kb long exhibits about 99% nucleotide sequence identity to the known phytochrome clone AP3. The expression of HM4.1 in C. purpureus protonemata was tested. A construct with the 35S-promotor and the structural gene of HM4.1 was cotransformed with the plasmid containing the kanamycin-resistance. Kanamycin-resistant colonies were tested for the presence of HM4.1 sequences in a genomic Southern experiment. Two out of 19 kanamycin-resistant colonies reacted positively with a HM4.1 specific probe. The expression of phyA in the positive colonies was examined with monoclonal antibodies specific for oat phytochrome. The Western blot experiment with protein extracts of the two positive colonies grown in the dark revealed clear signals at 124-kDa which were not detected in control plants. These data demonstrate the possibility of expressing oat phyA-apoprotein in C. purpureus protonemata. The transgenic moss protonemata did not show phenotypical alterations in response to the foreign phytochrome polypeptide; it is not known at the moment if the tetrapyrole chromophore is attached to the oat polypeptide in the protonemata or not.