Zhang X, Tack J, Janssens J, Sifrim D A
Centre for Gastroenterological Research, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2004 Feb;16(1):13-21. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2982.2003.00453.x.
Recent combined manometric-barostat studies demonstrated that the oesophageal body exhibits both peristaltic contractions and tone. This study further characterized the neural modulation of tone in the feline oesophageal body. Simultaneous oesophageal barostat and manometry were performed in 20 adult cats under ketamine sedation. Oesophageal tone and peristalsis were assessed in the distal smooth muscle oesophagus. Cholinergic modulation was studied using neostigmine, erythromycin, atropine and vagotomy. Nitrergic regulation was assessed using sildenafil to increase cellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate and the nitric oxide synthase blocker Nomega-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA). The presence of a tonic contractile activity in the distal oesophageal body was confirmed. Peristaltic contractions proceeded along the oesophageal body over the background tonic contraction. Neostigmine and erythromycin enhanced (20-30%) whereas bilateral vagotomy and atropine strongly decreased oesophageal tone (50-60%). However, l-NNA increased (40%) and sildenafil decreased oesophageal tone (30%). Therefore, tonic contractile activity in the oesophageal body is mainly caused by a continuous cholinergic excitatory input. A nitric oxide inhibitory mechanism may have a complementary role in the regulation of oesophageal tone.
最近的联合测压-恒压器研究表明，食管体既表现出蠕动收缩，也表现出张力。本研究进一步对猫食管体张力的神经调节进行了特征描述。在20只成年猫接受氯胺酮镇静的情况下，同时进行食管恒压器和测压。在食管远端平滑肌评估食管张力和蠕动。使用新斯的明、红霉素、阿托品和迷走神经切断术研究胆碱能调节。使用西地那非增加细胞环磷酸鸟苷和一氧化氮合酶阻滞剂N-硝基-L-精氨酸（L-NNA）评估一氧化氮调节。证实了食管远端体存在紧张性收缩活动。蠕动收缩在背景紧张性收缩的基础上沿食管体进行。新斯的明和红霉素增强（20%-30%），而双侧迷走神经切断术和阿托品则强烈降低食管张力（50%-60%）。然而，L-NNA增加（40%），西地那非降低食管张力（30%）。因此，食管体的紧张性收缩活动主要由持续的胆碱能兴奋性输入引起。一氧化氮抑制机制可能在食管张力调节中起互补作用。
