Cheung P
University of Otago, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1992 Dec;26(4):592-8. doi: 10.3109/00048679209072094.
This paper reviews the literature on the assessment and management of suicide risk of psychiatric inpatients. Even though a large number of scales have been developed to assist the prediction of suicide for patients admitted for suicide ideas and attempts, none of them were designed to predict suicide in the short term. However the Modified Suicide Intent Scale and the Hopelessness Scale appear to have the potential to predict immediate suicide risk. Risk factors associated with specific psychiatric conditions were all derived retrospectively and their predictive validities have not been established by prospective studies. Important issues relating to the management of suicidal inpatients, such as staff-patient relationships, use of constant observation and medical-legal aspects are reviewed.
本文回顾了有关精神科住院患者自杀风险评估与管理的文献。尽管已经开发了大量量表来辅助预测有自杀想法和自杀未遂的住院患者的自杀行为，但没有一个量表是用于预测短期自杀风险的。然而，改良自杀意图量表和绝望量表似乎有预测即时自杀风险的潜力。与特定精神疾病相关的风险因素均为回顾性得出，其预测效度尚未通过前瞻性研究得到证实。本文还回顾了与自杀住院患者管理相关的重要问题，如医患关系、持续观察的使用以及医疗法律方面的问题。
