Park S J, Tamura T
Department of Clothing Hygiene, Faculty of Home Economics, Bunka Women's University.
Ann Physiol Anthropol. 1992 Nov;11(6):593-609. doi: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.593.
Relative humidity (R. H), vapour pressure (Psk) and evaporation rate (Esk) of the human skin surface were measured at 29 points by an evaporimeter at 25 degrees C, 28 degrees C, 31 degrees C, 34 degrees C and 37 degrees C of air temperature (Ta), with 35 +/- 10 % R. H and air velocity of less than 0.2 m/s. The skin temperatures and the body weight loss were also measured by thermography and electronic balance. Ten healthy female subjects aged 22-34 years, wearing brassiere and shorts, took a supine and a prone posture during experiment. Comparisons of the obtained Esk with the previous results of other studies showed that there were no definite differences among the measuring methods of Esk, while it is ascertained that the calibration of the results to some standard values such as weight loss were more important to get accurate values of Esk. Distribution patterns of Esk were almost the same in the insensible zone but they remarkably changed in the sweating zone. According to the regression analysis of Esk and Ta, 29 regions were classified into the following 9 groups which showed similar values and changes of Esk with the air temperature: 1) face, 2) front upper trunk, 3) back upper trunk, 4) front lower trunk, 5) back lower trunk, 6) arm, 7) leg, 8) hand and foot and 9) palm, sole and axilla. These results were discussed in relation to the contributing factors such as the number and the capacity of the sweat gland, the regional skin temperature and the pressure-sweat response and also in relation to the skin wettedness.
在空气温度（Ta）为25摄氏度、28摄氏度、31摄氏度、34摄氏度和37摄氏度，相对湿度（R.H）为35±10%且风速小于0.2米/秒的条件下，使用蒸发仪在人体皮肤表面的29个点测量了相对湿度（R.H）、蒸气压（Psk）和蒸发速率（Esk）。还通过热成像和电子天平测量了皮肤温度和体重减轻情况。10名年龄在22至34岁之间的健康女性受试者，穿着胸罩和短裤，在实验过程中采取仰卧和俯卧姿势。将获得的Esk与其他研究的先前结果进行比较，结果表明Esk的测量方法之间没有明确差异，同时可以确定将结果校准到一些标准值（如体重减轻）对于获得准确的Esk值更为重要。在无感区，Esk的分布模式几乎相同，但在出汗区有显著变化。根据Esk与Ta的回归分析，29个区域被分为以下9组，这些组显示出Esk随气温的相似值和变化：1）面部，2）前上躯干，3）后上躯干，4）前下躯干，5）后下躯干，6）手臂，7）腿部，8）手和脚，9）手掌、脚底和腋窝。结合汗腺数量和容量、局部皮肤温度、压力出汗反应等影响因素以及皮肤湿润度对这些结果进行了讨论。
