Nikkhah A, Alikhani M, Amanlou H
Department of Animal Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 Iran.
J Dairy Sci. 2004 Jan;87(1):122-30. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73149-5.
Ten Holstein cows in midlactation were used in a 5 x 5 replicated Latin square design with 21-d periods to determine the effects of feeding ground or steam-flaked broom sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and ground barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on lactation performance and nutrient digestibility. Diets were fed as total mixed ration and consisted of 46% forage and 54% concentrate (DM basis). Treatment diets included ground barley, ground barley plus ground broom sorghum, ground broom sorghum, ground barley plus steam-flaked broom sorghum, and steam-flaked broom sorghum. Yield of fat-corrected milk was 2.3 kg greater for cows fed diets containing steam-flaked broom sorghum than for cows fed its ground form (24.4 vs 22.1 kg) and was 2.8 kg greater for cows fed diets containing a blend of steam-flaked broom sorghum plus ground barley than for cows fed ground sorghum (24.9 vs 22.1 kg). Yields and percentages of milk fat, protein, SNF, total solids, and apparent digestibility of crude protein were greater for cows fed steam-flaked broom sorghum and ground barley vs. ground broom sorghum. Including steam-flaked rather than ground broom sorghum in diets significantly increased fecal pH (7.10 vs 6.87) and improved efficiency of feed conversion (1.26 vs 1.15). Feeding steam-flaked broom sorghum alone or with ground barley compared with ground sorghum or the blend of ground barley and ground broom sorghum decreased plasma urea nitrogen increased glucose in plasma. Results of this study showed that feeding steam-flaked broom sorghum compared with ground broom sorghum could supply a more efficient source of energy for lactating cows.
选用10头处于泌乳中期的荷斯坦奶牛，采用5×5重复拉丁方设计，每期21天，以确定饲喂粉碎或蒸汽压片的帚高粱（高粱属）和粉碎大麦（大麦属）对泌乳性能和养分消化率的影响。日粮以全混合日粮形式饲喂，由46%的粗饲料和54%的精饲料组成（干物质基础）。处理日粮包括粉碎大麦、粉碎大麦加粉碎帚高粱、粉碎帚高粱、粉碎大麦加蒸汽压片帚高粱和蒸汽压片帚高粱。与饲喂粉碎形式帚高粱的奶牛相比，饲喂含蒸汽压片帚高粱日粮的奶牛校正乳产量高2.3千克（24.4千克对22.1千克）；与饲喂粉碎高粱的奶牛相比，饲喂含蒸汽压片帚高粱加粉碎大麦混合日粮的奶牛校正乳产量高2.8千克（24.9千克对22.1千克）。与饲喂粉碎帚高粱的奶牛相比，饲喂蒸汽压片帚高粱和粉碎大麦的奶牛乳脂、乳蛋白、非脂固形物、总固形物的产量和百分比以及粗蛋白的表观消化率更高。日粮中使用蒸汽压片而非粉碎帚高粱可显著提高粪便pH值（7.10对6.87）并改善饲料转化效率（1.26对1.15）。与饲喂粉碎高粱或粉碎大麦与粉碎帚高粱的混合物相比，单独饲喂蒸汽压片帚高粱或与粉碎大麦一起饲喂可降低血浆尿素氮并提高血浆葡萄糖含量。本研究结果表明，与粉碎帚高粱相比，饲喂蒸汽压片帚高粱可为泌乳奶牛提供更高效的能量来源。
