Welchman Andrew E, Harris Julie M
School of Biology (Psychology), University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
J Vis. 2003 Dec 17;3(11):817-30. doi: 10.1167/3.11.15.
Humans make rapid movements of their eyes several times a second that enable them to examine objects located at different positions in space with both of their eyes. Much of our understanding of these binocular movements comes from studies using experienced observers performing repetitive, unnatural tasks. But what eye movements are made when naïve observers perform tasks demanding specific binocular visual information? We examined the binocular eye movements produced by observers performing two tasks differing in the visual information needed for their completion. Our motivation for doing this was to examine the role and function of binocular eye movements when making decisions. We considered the fixation strategies adopted by observers, the effects of the task on the dynamics of saccadic eye movements, and the combination of vergence and version in gaze shifts. We report that the task-dependent use of visual information can have a strong influence on the patterns of fixations, whilst not influencing saccade dynamics. Our data provide some support for the notion that observers choose and fixate a notional reference point in the scene when making judgments about depth structure.
人类每秒会快速移动眼睛数次，这使他们能够用双眼检查位于空间中不同位置的物体。我们对这些双眼运动的许多理解都来自于使用有经验的观察者进行重复性、非自然任务的研究。但是，当未经训练的观察者执行需要特定双眼视觉信息的任务时，会产生什么样的眼球运动呢？我们研究了观察者在执行两项完成任务所需视觉信息不同的任务时产生的双眼眼球运动。我们这样做的动机是研究双眼眼球运动在决策时的作用和功能。我们考虑了观察者采用的注视策略、任务对扫视眼球运动动力学的影响，以及注视转移中聚散和转位的组合。我们报告说，视觉信息的任务依赖性使用会对注视模式产生强烈影响，而不会影响扫视动力学。我们的数据为这样一种观点提供了一些支持，即观察者在对深度结构进行判断时会选择并注视场景中的一个概念性参考点。
